How to Resolve Curl Error 60: Self-Signed SSL Certificate Issues?

Fixing Curl Error 60: SSL Certificate Issue with Self-Signed Certificates

When making a curl request to a secure website using a self-signed SSL certificate, an error message "Curl error 60: SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate in certificate chain" might appear. This error indicates that cURL is unable to validate the server's SSL certificate, potentially due to an outdated certificate bundle.

Solution:

1. Obtain and Install an Updated CA Root Certificate Bundle

   Download the latest bundle of CA root certificates from http://curl.haxx.se/docs/caextract.html and install it in the appropriate location specified in PHP's php.ini file:

   curl.cainfo = <absolute_path_to> cacert.pem

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2. Set CURLOPT_CAINFO Option

   During runtime, set the CURLOPT_CAINFO option for the curl resource to the full path of the installed certificate bundle:

   curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CAINFO, dirname(__FILE__)."/cacert.pem");

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These steps will update cURL's certificate validation mechanism and allow it to accept self-signed SSL certificates, resolving the Curl error 60.

Note:

It's crucial to use and maintain an up-to-date CA root certificate bundle for secure cURL communication. Avoid disabling SSL certificate verification, as it compromises the security of your requests.

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