How Can I Securely Unzip Files in PHP Using ZipArchive?

Unzipping Files with PHP: A Segura Approach

Unzipping files is a common task in web development. While executing the system('unzip File.zip') command directly may work, using URL parameters to specify the filename can be challenging.

The Pitfall with Using URL Parameters

The issue in the provided code arises when using $master.zip in the system('unzip $master.zip') command. Variables in PHP are not interpolated within strings enclosed in single quotes ('). Hence, the command will attempt to execute unzip $master.zip, which is not the intended filename.

A Secure and Efficient Solution

To resolve this issue, PHP's built-in extensions for handling compressed files should be employed. One such extension is ZipArchive. Here's a revised code:

<?php

// Get the filename from the URL parameter
$filename = $_GET["master"];

// Instantiate the ZipArchive object
$zip = new ZipArchive();

// Open the zip file
$res = $zip->open($filename);

// Check if the zip file was opened successfully
if ($res === TRUE) {
  // Extract the contents of the zip file to the current directory
  $zip->extractTo('.');

  // Close the zip file
  $zip->close();
  
  echo "$filename extracted successfully.";
} else {
  echo "Could not open $filename.";
}
?>

Additional Considerations

When accepting user input through $_GET variables, it's crucial to sanitize the input to prevent potential malicious attacks. Always validate and filter user-submitted data before using it in PHP code.

Extracting to the Same Directory as the Zip File

If the desired extraction location is the same directory in which the zip file resides, determine the absolute path to the file:

// Get the absolute path to the zip file
$path = pathinfo(realpath($filename), PATHINFO_DIRNAME);

// Extract the zip file to the determined path
$zip->extractTo($path);

By employing these techniques, you can securely and efficiently unzip files with PHP. Remember to always prioritize input validation and security measures when working with user-submitted data.

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