How Can I Effectively Share Global Variables Across Multiple Python Files?

Understanding Global Variables Across Files

In a complex programming project with multiple files, defining and sharing global variables can become a challenge. This guide provides a clear solution to access and update global variables seamlessly across different files.

The first attempt at defining global variables in main.py (excluding the snippet) shows the incorrect approach of defining global variables outside their respective file scopes. To address this, introduce a designated file named settings.py for global variables, separating variable declarations from file functionality.

In settings.py, define an init() function to initialize global variables. Import this file in subfile.py, where you can access and modify these variables as needed.

To ensure proper initialization, call settings.init() only once, typically within main.py. This ensures global variables are initialized once among all files.

Example Implementation:

settings.py:

def init():
    global myList
    myList = []

subfile.py:

import settings

def stuff():
    settings.myList.append('hey')

main.py:

import settings
import subfile

settings.init()  # Call only once
subfile.stuff()  # Do stuff with global var
print(settings.myList[0])  # Check the result

Using this approach, global variables can be effortlessly shared across files, ensuring consistent access and modifications throughout your project.

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