What are the Recommended File Permissions for Optimal WordPress Security and Performance?

File Permissions for WordPress: A Comprehensive Guide

When setting up a WordPress website, it's crucial to configure the file permissions correctly to ensure optimal performance and security. This guide will provide detailed instructions on the recommended file permissions for key WordPress directories and files.

Root Folder Storing WordPress Content

The root folder should be owned by the web server user (e.g., www-data) and have the following permissions:

chown www-data:www-data -R *
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;

wp-admin

The wp-admin directory contains sensitive administrative files. It should be owned by the web server user and have the following permissions:

chown www-data:www-data -R wp-admin
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;

wp-content

The wp-content directory stores user-generated content, such as plugins, themes, and uploads. It requires write access for the web server user and should have the following permissions:

chown www-data:www-data wp-content
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;

wp-includes

The wp-includes directory contains important WordPress core files. It should be owned by the web server user and have the following permissions:

chown www-data:www-data -R wp-includes
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;

After Installation Security

After installing WordPress, it's recommended to restrict file permissions to enhance security. The following commands accomplish this:

chown <username>:<username> -R *
chown www-data:www-data wp-content

For additional flexibility, you can use ACLs (Access Control Lists) to grant write permissions to specific users or groups for wp-content if needed.

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