How Can We Avoid the Static Initialization Order Fiasco in Modern C ?

Avoiding the Static Initialization Order "Fiasco" in Modern C

The concept of static initialization order "fiasco" refers to the potential undefined behavior when multiple statically initialized global variables depend on each other for their initialization. To address this issue, a common workaround suggests wrapping static variables in functions to maintain a controlled initialization order. However, this approach may not always align with modern programming paradigms.

Fortunately, a more pattern-oriented and preferred solution to prevent this "fiasco" is eliminating the use of global variables altogether. Global variables introduce coupling between different parts of the codebase, which can make it difficult to maintain and refactor over time.

By avoiding globals, we can ensure that static initializations occur in a deterministic and controlled manner. Instead, we can use techniques such as dependency injection and object-oriented design to manage dependencies between objects in a more explicit and maintainable way.

Therefore, the modern and recommended approach to prevent static initialization order issues is to embrace a global-free programming style. This promotes encapsulation, reduces coupling, and enhances the overall maintainability and flexibility of the codebase.

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