How Can I Determine the Visual Studio Version Used During Compilation?

Identifying the Visual Studio Version During Compilation

When compiling code, it can be crucial to ascertain the specific Visual Studio version used for the compilation process. This information proves valuable for numerous purposes, such as targeted optimizations, version-specific debugging, and compatibility checks. Fortunately, Microsoft has provided a convenient way to detect the Visual Studio version during compilation.

_MSC_VER and _MSC_FULL_VER

Microsoft defines several preprocessor macros that hold information about the compiler and the environment. Among these macros, _MSC_VER and _MSC_FULL_VER provide direct information about the Visual Studio version.

_MSC_VER

_MSC_VER contains an integer representing the major version of Visual Studio used for compilation. For example, a value of 1900 indicates Visual Studio 2015, 1700 represents Visual Studio 2012, and so on. A comprehensive list of _MSC_VER values for various Visual Studio versions is available online.

_MSC_FULL_VER

_MSC_FULL_VER, primarily used with older Visual Studio versions, provides a more detailed version number. It incorporates both the major and minor versions. For instance, a value of 150030729 indicates Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1.

Usage Examples

Here's an example of how you can use these macros to check the Visual Studio version during compilation:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::cout << "Visual Studio Major Version: " << _MSC_VER << std::endl;

    if (_MSC_VER >= 1900) {
        std::cout << "Compilation with Visual Studio 2015 or later" << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Compilation with an earlier version of Visual Studio" << std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

Conclusion

Leveraging the _MSC_VER and _MSC_FULL_VER macros allows developers to determine the Visual Studio version during compilation with ease. This capability enables a wide array of version-sensitive programming tasks, ensuring code compatibility and efficient optimization.

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