How Can I Generate All Possible N-Character Passwords in Go?

Generating All Possible N-Character Passwords in Go

In Python, one can employ the itertools.product() function to generate all possible passwords of a fixed length. For example, to create 2-character passwords using characters A-E, one could use:

from itertools import product
for permutation in product('ABCDE', repeat=2):
    print(permutation)

However, in Go, the task of generating passwords can be achieved through a different approach:

The desired operation is essentially an n-ary Cartesian product of a set with itself. For example, to create all 3-character passwords, we need Prod(set,set,set). This can be constructed iteratively.

Initially, we create our n-1 product, then for each product and each element of the original set, we append that element. Let's demonstrate with a 2-characters to 3-characters password generation:

"ab" = {a,b} -> {(a,a),(a,b),(b,a),(b,b)} -> {(a,a,a),(a,a,b),(a,b,a),(a,b,b),(b,a,a),(b,a,b),(b,b,a),(b,b,b)}

In Go, we can implement this as:

func NAryProduct(input string, n int) []string {
    if n <= 0 {
        return nil
    }

    prod := make([]string, len(input))
    for i, char := range input {
        prod[i] = string(char)
    }

    for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
        next := make([]string, 0, len(input)*len(prod))
        for _, word := range prod {
            for _, char := range input {
                next = append(next, word+string(char))
            }
        }
        prod = next
    }

    return prod
}

This solution can be further optimized by leveraging lazy evaluation, reducing memory usage. Here's a playground link for reference: http://play.golang.org/p/6LhApeJ1bv

The above is the detailed content of How Can I Generate All Possible N-Character Passwords in Go?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!