How to Reference FXML Files in JavaFX Resource Folder?

Referencing FXML Files in JavaFX Resources Folder

When creating a JavaFX GUI application, it can be necessary to reference FXML files from within controllers. To do so effectively, it's important to consider the following:

Generic Resource Lookup:

Referencing FXML files is part of the generic resource lookup process in Java. As the calling program passes the resource location to the FXMLLoader, the resource lookup itself occurs within the application code rather than the FXMLLoader.

Exemplary Resource Lookup:

To load an FXML file using a resource lookup, consider the following:

FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("/main.fxml"));
Parent content = loader.load();

Resource Location Resolution:

There are three options for resolving resource locations:

1. Place all FXML files in the src/main/resources directory:

loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("/main.fxml"));

2. Place all FXML files in a src/main/resources/fxml directory:

loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("/fxml/main.fxml"));

3. Place FXML files in their corresponding resource directory:

loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("main.fxml"));

In the last approach, the loading class should be located in the same relative position in the Java source hierarchy as the FXML file.

FXMLLoader Usage Recommendations:

• Instantiate FXMLLoader through new FXMLLoader() instead of static methods.
• Set the location on the instantiated FXMLLoader and use load() instead of loading from a stream.
• Use getClass().getResource() for deriving locations based on a class, as it's URL-based.

IDE and Build Settings:

Ensure that the FXML files are copied from the resource directory to the build output directory during compilation or IDE usage.

Java Jigsaw Modular Applications:

When working with modular applications, resources should be accessed via:

ComboBoxStyling.class.getResource("/css/styleclass.css");

rather than:

ComboBoxStyling.class.getClassLoader().getResource("/css/styleclass.css");

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