How to Move Sprites Smoothly in Pygame Despite Rect's Integer Constraints?

Pygame's Restrictions on Floats for Rect.move and a Solution

Pygame's Rect class, which represents screen areas, only accepts integral values for its coordinates. This limitation presents a challenge when attempting to move objects smoothly with floating-point precision, such as in physics simulations.

To address this issue, it's necessary to decouple the object's exact position from the rectangle used for rendering. Store the target position in floating-point variables or attributes, and only update the rectangle's coordinates after rounding them to the nearest integers.

Here's a code snippet demonstrating this approach:

import pygame

class Sprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, position):
        # ... Initialize the sprite
        
        # Floating-point coordinates for precise movement
        self._position = position

    def update(self):
        # Update the position with floating-point accuracy
        # ... Calculate movement

        # Round and update the rectangle's coordinates
        self.rect.x = round(self._position[0])
        self.rect.y = round(self._position[1])

By implementing this pattern, objects can move smoothly with floating-point precision while using integers to represent their on-screen positions.

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