How to Configure Cross-Compilation for Raspberry Pi with a Pre-built Toolchain on Ubuntu?

Configuring Cross-Compilation for Raspberry Pi with Pre-built Toolchain

Overview

This guide aims to assist you in installing and configuring the pre-built Raspbian toolchain on your Ubuntu host machine for cross-compiling for Raspberry Pi.

Installing the Toolchain

1. Extract the Toolchain: Open a terminal and change to your home directory (~).

2. Clone the Repository: Enter the following command to clone the toolchain repository:

   git clone git://github.com/raspberrypi/tools.git

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3. Extract the Toolchain: Navigate to the tools directory within the cloned repository and locate the desired toolchain. In this case, it's gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian.

Configuring the Environment

1. Add to PATH: Open the ~/.bashrc file in a text editor and append the following line to add the toolchain to your PATH:

   export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin

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2. Verify Access: Refresh your terminal session by restarting it or executing . ~/.bashrc. Verify the compiler by typing:

   arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v

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Creating a Rootfs

1. Create Rootfs Directory: Within your home directory, create a folder named rootfs.

2. Copy Files from Raspberry Pi: Establish a connection to your Raspberry Pi via SSH. Copy the entire /lib and /usr directories from the Pi to your rootfs folder using the following command:

   rsync -rl --delete-after --safe-links [email protected]:/{lib,usr} $HOME/raspberrypi/rootfs

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   Replace [email protected] with your Pi's IP address.

Configuring CMake

1. Create CMake Config File: Create a file named pi.cmake in ~/home/raspberrypi with the following content:

   SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
   SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION 1)
   SET(CMAKE_C_COMPILER $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc)
   SET(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++)
   SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/rootfs)
   SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
   SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
   SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)

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2. Use CMake Config File: When compiling CMake programs, specify the -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE= flag with the path to the pi.cmake file to use the cross-compilation configuration.

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