How to Solve UTF-8 Encoding Issues in Spring MVC Applications?

Spring MVC UTF-8 Encoding: Addressing Character Encoding Issues

Spring MVC simplifies the development of web applications, but sometimes encoding issues can arise when working with UTF-8 characters. This article explores a common encoding problem encountered when displaying UTF-8 characters in JSP pages and provides a comprehensive solution.

The Problem: Encoding Issues with UTF-8 Characters

As highlighted by a user, displaying UTF-8 characters on JSP pages can result in incorrect character rendering. The issue arises when a String containing UTF-8 characters is added to a ModelAndView, and the JSP page attempts to display it without proper encoding settings.

The Solution: CharacterEncodingFilter and URIEncoding

To resolve the encoding issue, it's essential to register Spring's CharacterEncodingFilter in the web.xml file. This filter ensures that requests and responses are encoded with UTF-8.

web.xml Configuration:

<filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

Additionally, if using Tomcat, it's crucial to set the URIEncoding in the server.xml file to UTF-8.

server.xml Configuration:

<Connector URIEncoding="UTF-8" ...> ... </Connector>

Checklist for UTF-8 Encoding:

1. Register the CharacterEncodingFilter in web.xml.
2. Set the URIEncoding to UTF-8 in server.xml if using Tomcat.
3. Use proper encoding settings in JSP pages (e.g., pageEncoding="UTF-8" in the page directive).
4. Verify that your .java files are encoded in UTF-8.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your Spring MVC application correctly handles UTF-8 characters, allowing you to display them reliably on JSP pages.

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