How to Set, Clear, and Check Individual Bits in Go?

Bit Manipulation in Go: Setting and Clearing Individual Bits

Bit manipulation is essential when working with the underlying data representation in computer systems. In Go, you can manipulate individual bits of an integer to achieve specific outcomes. Here's how you can set and clear bits in Go:

Setting a Bit

To set a bit in an integer n at position pos, use the following function:

// Sets the bit at pos in the integer n.
func setBit(n int, pos uint) int {
    // Shift 1 the specified number of spaces.
    bit := 1 << pos
    // OR the resulting bit mask with n.
    return n | bit
}

Clearing a Bit

To clear a bit at position pos in n, use this function:

// Clears the bit at pos in n.
func clearBit(n int, pos uint) int {
    // Shift 1 the specified number of spaces.
    bit := 1 << pos
    // Flip every bit in the mask using XOR operator.
    mask := ^bit
    // AND mask with n to unset the target bit.
    return n & mask
}

Checking if a Bit is Set

You can also check if a bit is set at a particular position using this function:

func hasBit(n int, pos uint) bool {
    // Shift 1 the specified number of spaces.
    bit := 1 << pos
    // AND the resulting bit mask with n.
    val := n & bit
    // Return true if val is greater than 0.
    return (val > 0)
}

With these functions, you can perform precise bit manipulations in your Go programs.

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