How do I share a MySQL connection across multiple HTTP goroutines in Go?

Sharing MySQL Connections in Go HTTP Goroutines

When working with HTTP goroutines in Go, it's essential to optimize performance by sharing database connections. This article demonstrates how to establish and share a MySQL connection among multiple HTTP handlers.

Database Connection Management

In Go, the database/sql package handles connection pooling automatically. When calling sql.Open(...), a connection pool is created rather than a single connection. This means that the database/sql package will automatically obtain a connection from the pool if all connections are already in use.

Code Implementation

To share a MySQL connection in your HTTP goroutines, follow these steps:

1. Initialize the Database Connection:

   • Open a connection pool using sql.Open("mysql", "").

   Example:

   db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:@/mydb?charset=utf8")
   if err != nil {
       log.Fatalf("Error opening database: %v", err)
   }

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2. Configure Connection Pooling:

   • Adjust the maximum number of idle connections using db.SetMaxIdleConns(100).

3. Share the Connection Handle:

   • Declare the db variable as a global variable to share it between main and HTTP handlers.

   Example:

   var db *sql.DB

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4. Check Database Connection:

   • Call db.Ping() in main() to establish an initial connection to the database.

   Example:

   err = db.Ping()
   if err != nil {
       log.Fatalf("Error opening database connection: %s", err.Error())
   }

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5. Use Connection in HTTP Handlers:

   • In the HTTP handler, use the shared db handle to execute database queries.

   Example:

   func HomeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
       var msg string
       err := db.QueryRow("SELECT msg FROM hello WHERE page=?", "home").Scan(&msg)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Fprintf(w, "Database Error!")
       } else {
           fmt.Fprintf(w, msg)
       }
   }

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By following these steps, you can efficiently share a MySQL connection across multiple HTTP goroutines without compromising performance.

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