How to Build Eclipse Java Projects from the Command Line?

Building Eclipse Java Projects from the Command Line

Composing Eclipse Java projects through the command line provides a convenient approach for automating build processes, particularly for non-Java or Eclipse experts. While ANT is frequently utilized for this purpose, there are alternative methods available.

Eclipse Headless Build

Eclipse provides a "headless build" functionality that enables project compilation without a graphical user interface. To initiate a headless build:

• Windows: Launch Eclipse as follows:

eclipsec.exe -noSplash -data "[workspace directory]" -application org.eclipse.jdt.apt.core.aptBuild

• Other Platforms: Run the following command:

java -cp startup.jar -noSplash -data "[workspace directory]" -application org.eclipse.jdt.apt.core.aptBuild

• Update for Eclipse Mars (macOS):

java -jar /Applications/Eclipse.app/Contents/Eclipse/plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher_1.3.100.v20150511-1540.jar -noSplash -data "workspace" -application org.eclipse.jdt.apt.core.aptBuild

Specify the appropriate workspace directory using the -data parameter. The Equinox launcher version varies based on the Eclipse version.

Generating Eclipse Command Line from Eclipse

If compiling via headless build is not feasible, you can generate the required Java command line from within Eclipse:

• Open the "Package Explorer" and navigate to the root folder of the project.
• Right-click and select "Properties."
• In the "Project" properties, navigate to "Java Build Path > Source."
• Select "Show Excluded and Required Projects."
• The resulting dialog displays the required dependency libraries.
• Generate a Java command line by referencing the following:

javac -cp [classpaths] [source files]

Include the required classpaths from the dependency libraries and specify the source files that need to be compiled.

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