How do bitwise operators in JavaScript work?

Bitwise Operators in JavaScript

JavaScript provides a range of bitwise operators that perform operations on the binary representations of their operands. Understanding the functionality of these operators is crucial for manipulating binary data and performing bitwise computations.

Shift Operators

• x <<= y (x = x << y): Shifts the binary representation of x left by y bits, essentially multiplying it by 2 to the power of y.
• x >>= y (x = x >> y): Shifts the binary representation of x right by y bits, effectively dividing it by 2 to the power of y.

Logical Bitwise Operators

• x &= y (x = x & y): Performs a bitwise AND operation, which sets each bit in x to 1 if both corresponding bits in x and y are 1, and to 0 otherwise.
• x ^= y (x = x ^ y): Performs a bitwise exclusive OR (XOR) operation, which sets a bit in x to 1 if the corresponding bits in x and y differ, and to 0 if they are the same.
• x |= y (x = x | y): Performs a bitwise OR operation, which sets a bit in x to 1 if either the corresponding bit in x or y is 1, or to 0 if both are 0.

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