How does the `LL` suffix enable handling large integer values in C/C when the `long` data type is insufficient?

long long in C/C

This code snippet demonstrates the use of the long long data type in C/C :

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int  num1 = 1000000000;
    long num2 = 1000000000;
    long long num3;
    long long num4 = ~0;

    printf("%u %u %u", sizeof(num1), sizeof(num2), sizeof(num3));
    printf("%d %ld %lld %llu", num1, num2, num3, num4);
    return 0;
}

When compiling the code with the commented line uncommented (assigning a value that is too large for the long data type), an error occurs:

error: integer constant is too large for long type

This is because the value 100000000000 is too large for the long data type, and the compiler requires a suffix to explicitly specify the long long data type. To resolve this issue, add the LL suffix to the literal:

long long num3 = 100000000000LL;

The LL suffix indicates that the literal should be treated as a long long value. When the code is compiled and executed, it produces values that are larger than 10000000000, which demonstrates the extended range of the long long data type.

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