How do bitwise operators optimize data manipulation in JavaScript?

Understanding Bitwise Operators in JavaScript

Bitwise operators in JavaScript manipulate bits within a number, allowing for efficient and concise computations. They are commonly used in low-level programming tasks, such as data manipulation and data transfer.

Bit Shifting Operators

The bit shift operators control the movement of bits within a number.

• x <<= y (x = x << y): Shifts the bits of x to the left by y positions, effectively multiplying x by 2^y.
• x >>= y (x = x >> y): Shifts the bits of x to the right by y positions, effectively dividing x by 2^y (for positive values of x).

Bitwise Logical Operators

These operators perform logical operations on the bits of two numbers.

• x &= y (x = x & y): Performs a bitwise AND operation, setting each bit of x to 1 only if the corresponding bit of both x and y is 1.
• x ^= y (x = x ^ y): Performs a bitwise XOR operation, setting each bit of x to 1 only if one of the corresponding bits of x and y is 1, but not both.
• x |= y (x = x | y): Performs a bitwise OR operation, setting each bit of x to 1 if either the corresponding bit of x or y is 1.

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