How to Download Files from a Web Server in Python 3?

How to Download a File from a Web Server in Python 3

Introduction

Downloading files from a web server is a common task in many programming projects. Python provides several libraries to simplify this process, making it easy to download files from specified URLs.

Downloading a File with urlretrieve

<code class="python">import urllib.request

url = "http://example.com/file.jar"
urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, "file.jar")</code>

This code uses the urlretrieve function to download the file from url and save it locally as file.jar.

Downloading a File for Streaming

<code class="python">import urllib.request
import shutil

url = "http://example.com/file.jar"

with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response, open("file.jar", "wb") as out_file:
    shutil.copyfileobj(response, out_file)</code>

This code opens a file-like object using the urlopen function and copies the content to a local file using shutil.copyfileobj. This method allows for streaming of large files without storing the entire file in memory.

Handling Compressed Files

<code class="python">import urllib.request
import gzip

url = "http://example.com/file.gz"

with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response:
    with gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=response) as uncompressed:
        data = uncompressed.read()</code>

This code opens a compressed file as a file-like object using the gzip.GzipFile class and reads the decompressed data into a variable.

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