How to access and handle POST and GET variables in Python?

How to Handle POST and GET Variables in Python

When working with web applications, accessing and handling POST and GET variables is a common task. In Python, there are various techniques you can use, depending on the framework or library you're using.

In Python, you can't directly access POST and GET variables using $_POST or $_GET like you can in PHP. The equivalent approach varies based on the framework you've chosen.

Using Raw CGI

If you're using raw CGI, you can utilize the cgi.FieldStorage module:

<code class="python">import cgi
form = cgi.FieldStorage()
print(form["username"])  # Accesses the POST variable 'username'</code>

Using Web Frameworks

Many web frameworks in Python provide built-in methods for accessing POST and GET variables. Here are some examples:

• Django:

  <code class="python">print(request.GET['username'])  # GET variable
  print(request.POST['username'])  # POST variable</code>

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• Pylons, Flask, Pyramid:

  <code class="python">print(request.GET['username'])  # GET variable
  print(request.POST['username'])  # POST variable</code>

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• Turbogears, Cherrypy:

  <code class="python">from cherrypy import request
  print(request.params['username'])</code>

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• Web.py:

  <code class="python">form = web.input()
  print(form.username)</code>

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• Werkzeug:

  <code class="python">print(request.form['username'])</code>

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• Cherrypy, Turbogears:

  <code class="python">def index(self, username):
    print(username)  # Direct parameter access</code>

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• Google App Engine:

  <code class="python">class SomeHandler(webapp2.RequestHandler):
    def post(self):
        name = self.request.get('username')
        self.response.write(name)  # Accesses the POST variable 'username'</code>

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By choosing a specific framework, you gain access to its built-in capabilities for handling POST and GET variables. These frameworks provide convenient and streamlined methods for interacting with user-submitted data.

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