How to Resolve the \'stream_socket_enable_crypto(): SSL operation failed with code 1\' Error in Laravel\'s Mail Class?

Understanding and Resolving "stream_socket_enable_crypto(): SSL operation failed with code 1"

The error "stream_socket_enable_crypto(): SSL operation failed with code 1" typically occurs when using PHP's openSSL extension to verify SSL certificates. This can occur in various situations, including using a self-signed certificate or connecting to a hostname that does not match the certificate.

In your case, the error appears when sending an email using Laravel's Mail class. The following steps outline how to resolve this issue:

1. Understand the Security Implications:

• It's crucial to acknowledge that disabling SSL verification can compromise security. Attackers can impersonate trusted endpoints and launch Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attacks if the certificate's authenticity is not validated.

2. Disable SSL Verification (Caution):

• Open the /config/mail.php file.
• Add the following code to the 'stream' configuration within the 'mail' section:

'stream' => [
   'ssl' => [
      'allow_self_signed' => true,
      'verify_peer' => false,
      'verify_peer_name' => false,
   ],
],

Note: Disable SSL verification only if you fully understand the security risks and are using a self-signed certificate or connecting to a hostname that does not match the certificate.

Additional Tips:

• Check that your PHP version supports OpenSSL (version 5.6 or higher is recommended).
• Ensure that PHP's openSSL extension is enabled (use 'phpinfo()' to verify).
• Make sure that the correct SSL certificate is installed on your web server.
• Try connecting to the SSL URL directly in a browser to confirm if the certificate is valid.

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