How to connect to remote database using Golang?-Golang-php.cn

How to connect to remote database using Golang?

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Release： 2024-06-01 20:31:59

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Through the Go standard library database/sql package, you can connect to remote databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL or SQLite: Create a connection string containing database connection information. Use the sql.Open() function to open a database connection. Perform database operations such as SQL queries and insert operations. Use defer to close the database connection to release resources.

如何用 Golang 连接远程数据库？

How to connect to a remote database using Golang

Golang is a powerful programming language that can easily connect to a remote database. This tutorial will introduce how to use the Go standard library database/sql package to connect to remote databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQLite.

Requirements

Golang 1.16 or higher
Remote database (such as MySQL, PostgreSQL or SQLite)

Connection String

First we need to create a connection string that contains the information needed to connect to the database. Here's how to create connection strings for different databases:

MySQL:

"user:password@tcp(host:port)/dbname"

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PostgreSQL:

"user=username password=password host=address port=port dbname=database"

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SQLite:

"path/to/sqlite.db"

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Among them, user, password, host, port and dbname is database specific.

Connect to the database

Use the database/sql package to connect to the database:

import (
    "database/sql"
    _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql" // Import MySQL driver
    _ "github.com/lib/pq" // Import PostgreSQL driver
    _ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3" // Import SQLite driver
)

func main() {
    // Create a connection string
    connStr := "user:password@tcp(host:port)/dbname"

    // Open the database connection
    db, err := sql.Open("mysql", connStr)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer db.Close()  // Close the connection when the function returns
}

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Practical case

The following is a database using MySQL Simple example of:

package main

import (
    "database/sql"
    "fmt"
    _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql" // Import MySQL driver
)

func main() {
    // Connect to the database
    db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:@/test")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer db.Close() // Close the connection when the function returns

    // Create a table
    query := `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
        id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
        username VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
        password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL
    );`
    _, err = db.Exec(query)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Insert a record into the table
    query = `INSERT INTO users (username, password) VALUES (?, ?)`
    stmt, err := db.Prepare(query)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    _, err = stmt.Exec("admin", "password")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Retrieve the record from the table
    query = `SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?`
    var id int
    var username string
    var password string
    err = db.QueryRow(query, 1).Scan(&id, &username, &password)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println("ID:", id, "Username:", username, "Password:", password)
}

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