RMAN异机恢复步骤及故障处理

一、测试机安装OS+Oracle Software，包括配置oracle用户、组和环境变量（略） 二、开始异机恢复 1. 复制源库最新备份集、初始

RMAN异机恢复步骤及故障处理

[日期：2014-10-20] 来源：Linux社区  作者：aaron8219 [字体：]

一、测试机安装OS+Oracle Software，包括配置oracle用户、组和环境变量（略）

二、开始异机恢复

1. 复制源库最新备份集、初始化参数、密码文件到测试机

[oracle@ora10g backupsets]$ scp *20141012* 192.168.1.213:/tmp

The authenticity of host '192.168.1.213 (192.168.1.213)' can't be established.

RSA key fingerprint is 78:0e:33:cb:3f:04:e4:5d:d1:71:29:a4:3f:3a:79:41.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.213' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

oracle@192.168.1.213's password: 

Connection closed by 192.168.1.213

lost connection

[oracle@ora10g backupsets]$ scp *20141012* 192.168.1.213:/tmp

oracle@192.168.1.213's password: 

ora10g-4175411955_20141012_860776699_315.arc                                                       100% 4336KB   2.1MB/s   00:02    

ora10g-4175411955_20141012_860776704_316.db                                                        100%  165MB   2.1MB/s   01:20    

ora10g-4175411955_20141012_860776830_317.arc                                                       100%  418KB 417.5KB/s   00:00    

ora10g-c-4175411955-20141012-00.ctl                                                                100% 7424KB   2.4MB/s   00:03    

[oracle@ora10g backupsets]$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora10g.ora oracle@192.168.1.213:/tmp

oracle@192.168.1.213's password: 

initora10g.ora                                                                                     100% 1136     1.1KB/s   00:00  

[oracle@ora10g backupsets]$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwora10g oracle@192.168.1.213:/tmp

oracle@192.168.1.213's password: 

orapwora10g                                                                                        100% 1536     1.5KB/s   00:00 

如果没有生成过initora10g.ora初始化参数文件，则创建一个：

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

创建完默认路径是放在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下面

2. 修改初始化参数

[root@bak tmp]# cat initora10g.ora 

ora10g.__db_cache_size=0

ora10g.__java_pool_size=0

ora10g.__large_pool_size=0

ora10g.__shared_pool_size=0

ora10g.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/admin/ora10g/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'

*.control_files='/oradata/ora10g/control01.ctl','/oradata/ora10g/control02.ctl','/oradata/ora10g/control03.ctl'#Restore Controlfile

*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/ora10g/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='ora10g'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ora10gXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'

*.nls_territory='CHINA'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=0

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=0

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/ora10g/udump'

注意，假设我这里测试机使用的目录和源库不同，注意红色部分为修改的内容

3. 把密码文件和修改好的初始化参数文件拷贝到测试机相应位置

[oracle@bak ~]$ mv /tmp/initora10g.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@bak ~]$ mv /tmp/orapwora10g $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

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4. 在测试机根据初始化参数文件中指定的路径创建目录（注意目录必须对于oracle用户有读写权限）

[root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oradata/ora10g -p

[root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oracle/admin/ora10g/adump -p

[root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump

[root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oracle/admin/ora10g/cdump

[root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oracle/admin/ora10g/udump

[root@bak tmp]# chown oracle:oinstall /oradata -R

[root@bak tmp]# chmod 755 /oradata -R

[root@bak tmp]# chown oracle:oinstall /oracle -R

[root@bak tmp]# chmod 755 /oracle -R

5. 启动实例到nomount

SQL> startup nomount

ORA-00371: not enough shared pool memory, should be atleast 72265318 bytes

由于假设测试机配置要比源库低，，而暂时不确定如何分配SGA，刚才在初始化参数中把内存分配的值，都设置成了0，包括sga_target，既然没有自动分配内存组件，那么手动设置sga_target=1G

SQL> !

[oracle@bak ~]$ vim /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initora10g.ora 

...

*.sga_target=1G

...

修改保存后，重新启动实例

[oracle@bak ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Oct 12 17:25:50 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount

ORA-01261: Parameter db_recovery_file_dest destination string cannot be translated

ORA-01262: Stat failed on a file destination directory

Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

由于刚才忘记创建了/oracle/flash_recovery_area这个目录，因此报错，如果测试机并不想启用FRA的话，可以把该参数注释掉

SQL> !

[oracle@bak ~]$ vim /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initora10g.ora 

...

#*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

#*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

...

[oracle@bak ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Oct 12 17:28:08 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size                  1223512 bytes

Variable Size             264242344 bytes

Database Buffers          805306368 bytes

Redo Buffers                2969600 bytes

SQL> 

注意，如果登陆SQLPLUS时碰到无法用OS Local验证，只需用netca创建一个监听即可解决

6. 恢复测试机控制文件

[oracle@bak ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Oct 12 17:42:07 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ora10g (not mounted)

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/tmp/ora10g-c-4175411955-20141012-00.ctl';

Starting restore at 12-OCT-14

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05

output filename=/oradata/ora10g/control01.ctl

output filename=/oradata/ora10g/control02.ctl

output filename=/oradata/ora10g/control03.ctl

Finished restore at 12-OCT-14

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

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