mysql,sqlsever,oracle,redis,mongo,postgres等数据库备份及恢复指令整理_MySQL

下列仅整理给出各个数据库备份及恢复最简单的用法，更多详细的参数及配置请查阅相关资料

一、mysql：

参数说明：

备份：mysqldump --single-transaction -l -u $user -p'$password' -h $targethost -P $port --default-character-set=$charset $dbname $table > $filename

恢复：mysql $dbname -u $user -p'$password' -h $targethost -P $port --default-character-set=$charset

二、sqlserver:

说明：sqlserver2003及以下仅支持osql，sqlserver2005及以上同时支持osql及sqlcmd，以下方法对sqlcmd及osql均通用。

参数说明：

全量备份：osql -U $user -P "$password" -d master -S $instance -Q "ALTER DATABASE $dbname SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE; RESTORE DATABASE $dbname FROM DISK='$filename' WITH REPLACE; ALTER DATABASE $dbname SET ONLINE"

增量备份：osql -U $user -P "$password" -d master -S $instance -Q "ALTER DATABASE $dbname SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE; RESTORE DATABASE $dbname FROM DISK='$filename' WITH REPLACE,NORECOVERY; RESTORE DATABASE $dbname FROM DISK='$diff_filename' WITH RECOVERY; ALTER DATABASE $dbname SET ONLINE"

全量恢复：osql -U $user -P "$password" -d master -S $instance -Q "ALTER DATABASE $dbname SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE; RESTORE DATABASE $dbname FROM DISK='$filename' WITH REPLACE; ALTER DATABASE $dbname SET ONLINE"

增量恢复：osql -U $user -P "$password" -d master -S $instance -Q "ALTER DATABASE $dbname SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE; RESTORE DATABASE $dbname FROM DISK='$filename' WITH REPLACE,NORECOVERY; RESTORE DATABASE $dbname FROM DIST='$diff_filename' WITH RECOVERY; ALTER DATABASE $dbname SET ONLINE"

三、oracle：

oracle的备份及恢复主要使用rman，感兴趣的可以详细去了解rman的具体使用

四、redis:

说明：redis的数据备份文件存储在配置文件中的dir+dbfilename组成的全路径文件名中；

备份：redis-cli -h targethost -p $port -a $password save

恢复：只需要将备份的文件放置原目录，重启redis即可。

五、mongo:

参数说明：

备份：mongodump --host $targethost:$port -d $dbname -o $backup_dir -u $user -p $password

恢复：mongorestore --host $targethost:$port -d $dbname -u $user -p$password -c $table $recovery_dir

六、postgres:

备份：pg_dump -c -b -h $targethost -p $port -U "$user" $dbname > $filename

恢复：psql -h $targethost -p $port -U "$user" -d $dbname -f $recovery_file