Ich versuche, in die Laravel-Abhängigkeitsinjektion einzusteigen

<?php

use App\Models\User;

test('Action', function () {

    app()->singleton(ClassInterface::class, T1Impl::class);
    $out1 = app(ClassInterface::class)();
    $this->assertEquals("T1?", $out1);

    app()->bind(ClassInterface::class, T2Impl::class);

    $out2 = app(ClassInterface::class)();
    $this->assertEquals("T2!", $out2);

    app()->bind(T1Impl::class, T2Impl::class);
    $out3 = app(T1Impl::class)();
    $this->assertEquals("T2!", $out3);



    app()->bind(T2Impl::class, T3Impl::class);
    app()->bind(T1Impl::class, T2Impl::class);
    app()->singleton(ClassInterface::class, T1Impl::class);
    $out4 = app(ClassInterface::class)();
    $this->assertEquals("T3!", $out4);


    $user = User::factory()->create(['name'=>'Tomas']);
    $out5 = app(T4::class, ['user'=>$user])();
    $this->assertEquals("Tomas", $out5);
});

interface ClassInterface {
    public function __invoke();
}

class T1Impl implements ClassInterface {
    public function __invoke() {
        return "T1?";
    }
}

class T2Impl implements ClassInterface {
    public function __invoke() {
        return "T2!";
    }
}


class T3Impl implements ClassInterface {
    public function __invoke() {
        return "T3!";
    }
}

class T4 {
    public function __construct(
        public User $user
    ){}

    public function __invoke() {
        return $this->user->name;
    }
}