php原声支持，以下来自SO

// This input should be from somewhere else, hard-coded in this example
$file_name = 'file.txt.gz';

// Raising this value may increase performance
$buffer_size = 4096; // read 4kb at a time
$out_file_name = str_replace('.gz', '', $file_name);

// Open our files (in binary mode)
$file = gzopen($file_name, 'rb');
$out_file = fopen($out_file_name, 'wb');

// Keep repeating until the end of the input file
while(!gzeof($file)) {
    // Read buffer-size bytes
    // Both fwrite and gzread and binary-safe
    fwrite($out_file, gzread($file, $buffer_size));
}

// Files are done, close files
fclose($out_file);
gzclose($file);

一般php安装都自带tar的扩展包，这是我项目中tar的解压函数，仅供参考

function get_files_name_in_tar($file) {
    require_once 'Archive/Tar.php';
    $ext = get_file_extension($file);
    $tar_handle = null;
    if ($ext === "bz2") {
        $tar_handle = new Archive_Tar($file, "bz2");
    } else if ($ext === "gz") {
        $tar_handle = new Archive_Tar($file, "gz");
    } else if ($ext === "tar") {
        $tar_handle = new Archive_Tar($file);
    } else {
        return false;
    }    
    if (!$tar_handle) {
        return false;
    }    
    $entry_names = $tar_handle->listContent();

    return array_column($entry_names, 'filename');
}

另外可参考：PHP tar格式解压的三种方式
还可以通过linux,在php中调用linux命令tar然后exec执行