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MongoDB3.2.10 geo查询过慢的问题
阿神
阿神 2017-05-24 11:31:32
0
2
937

版本

Mongo3.2.10

问题

稠密集下geo查询返回最近的30条，需要扫描20000+的记录。
同样的点集，尝试建立2d索引和2dsphere索引查询，执行效率相差不大。

执行语句

语句1的执行环境

2d index

        {
                "v" : 1,
                "key" : {
                        "lag" : "2d"
                },
                "name" : "lag",
                "min" : -180,
                "ns" : "mobike_default.mBKBikeInfo",
                "bits" : 26,
                "max" : 180
        },
db.coll.find({lag:{'$nearSphere':[120.993965,31.449034 ], '$maxDistance':7.83927971443699e-05*2}}).limit(30).explain(true)

MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
connecting to: 10.108.93.135:7004/admin
{

"queryPlanner" : {
    "plannerVersion" : 1,
    "namespace" : "{db}.{coll}",
    "indexFilterSet" : false,
    "parsedQuery" : {
        "lag" : {
            "$nearSphere" : [
                120.993965,
                31.449034
            ],
            "$maxDistance" : 0.0000783927971443699
        }
    },
    "winningPlan" : {
        "stage" : "LIMIT",
        "limitAmount" : 30,
        "inputStage" : {
            "stage" : "GEO_NEAR_2D",
            "keyPattern" : {
                "lag" : "2d"
            },
            "indexName" : "lag",
            "inputStages" : [
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
                    "inputStage" : {
                        "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                        "keyPattern" : {
                            "lag" : "2d"
                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
                        "isMultiKey" : false,
                        "isUnique" : false,
                        "isSparse" : false,
                        "isPartial" : false,
                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "indexBounds" : {
                            "lag" : [
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D200000000), BinData(128, E33C11D2FFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D300000000), BinData(128, E33C11D33FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D360000000), BinData(128, E33C11D36FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D370000000), BinData(128, E33C11D37FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D380000000), BinData(128, E33C11D3BFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D3C0000000), BinData(128, E33C11D3FFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D688000000), BinData(128, E33C11D68BFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D6A0000000), BinData(128, E33C11D6AFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D800000000), BinData(128, E33C11D8FFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D900000000), BinData(128, E33C11D9FFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DA10000000), BinData(128, E33C11DA1FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DA40000000), BinData(128, E33C11DA7FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DB00000000), BinData(128, E33C11DB3FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DB40000000), BinData(128, E33C11DB7FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DC00000000), BinData(128, E33C11DC3FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DC80000000), BinData(128, E33C11DCBFFFFFFF)]"
                            ]
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
                    "inputStage" : {
                        "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                        "keyPattern" : {
                            "lag" : "2d"
                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
                        "isMultiKey" : false,
                        "isUnique" : false,
                        "isSparse" : false,
                        "isPartial" : false,
                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "indexBounds" : {
                            "lag" : [ ]
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
                    "inputStage" : {
                        "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                        "keyPattern" : {
                            "lag" : "2d"
                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
                        "isMultiKey" : false,
                        "isUnique" : false,
                        "isSparse" : false,
                        "isPartial" : false,
                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "indexBounds" : {
                            "lag" : [ ]
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
                    "inputStage" : {
                        "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                        "keyPattern" : {
                            "lag" : "2d"
                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
                        "isMultiKey" : false,
                        "isUnique" : false,
                        "isSparse" : false,
                        "isPartial" : false,
                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "indexBounds" : {
                            "lag" : [
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D340000000), BinData(128, E33C11D34FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D350000000), BinData(128, E33C11D35FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D680000000), BinData(128, E33C11D683FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D684000000), BinData(128, E33C11D687FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D68C000000), BinData(128, E33C11D68FFFFFFF)]"
                            ]
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
                    "inputStage" : {
                        "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                        "keyPattern" : {
                            "lag" : "2d"
                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
                        "isMultiKey" : false,
                        "isUnique" : false,
                        "isSparse" : false,
                        "isPartial" : false,
                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "indexBounds" : {
                            "lag" : [ ]
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
                    "inputStage" : {
                        "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                        "keyPattern" : {
                            "lag" : "2d"
                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
                        "isMultiKey" : false,
                        "isUnique" : false,
                        "isSparse" : false,
                        "isPartial" : false,
                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "indexBounds" : {
                            "lag" : [
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11CD40000000), BinData(128, E33C11CD7FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D690000000), BinData(128, E33C11D69FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D6B0000000), BinData(128, E33C11D6BFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DA00000000), BinData(128, E33C11DA0FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DA20000000), BinData(128, E33C11DA2FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DA30000000), BinData(128, E33C11DA3FFFFFFF)]"
                            ]
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
                    "inputStage" : {
                        "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                        "keyPattern" : {
                            "lag" : "2d"
                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
                        "isMultiKey" : false,
                        "isUnique" : false,
                        "isSparse" : false,
                        "isPartial" : false,
                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "indexBounds" : {
                            "lag" : [
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7FC000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7FFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11CDD0000000), BinData(128, E33C11CDDFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62AA00000), BinData(128, E33C11D62AAFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DE00000000), BinData(128, E33C11DE03FFFFFF)]"
                            ]
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
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                        "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                        "keyPattern" : {
                            "lag" : "2d"
                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
                        "isMultiKey" : false,
                        "isUnique" : false,
                        "isSparse" : false,
                        "isPartial" : false,
                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "indexBounds" : {
                            "lag" : [
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7C0000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7CFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7D0000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7DFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7E0000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7EFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7F0000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7F3FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7F4000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7F7FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7F8000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7FBFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11CDC0000000), BinData(128, E33C11CDCFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11CDE0000000), BinData(128, E33C11CDEFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11CDF0000000), BinData(128, E33C11CDFFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D620000000), BinData(128, E33C11D623FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D624000000), BinData(128, E33C11D627FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D628000000), BinData(128, E33C11D628FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D629000000), BinData(128, E33C11D629FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62A000000), BinData(128, E33C11D62A3FFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62A400000), BinData(128, E33C11D62A7FFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62A800000), BinData(128, E33C11D62A8FFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62A900000), BinData(128, E33C11D62A9FFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62AB00000), BinData(128, E33C11D62ABFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62AC00000), BinData(128, E33C11D62AFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62B000000), BinData(128, E33C11D62BFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62C000000), BinData(128, E33C11D62FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DA80000000), BinData(128, E33C11DABFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DAC0000000), BinData(128, E33C11DAFFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DB80000000), BinData(128, E33C11DBBFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DE04000000), BinData(128, E33C11DE07FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DE08000000), BinData(128, E33C11DE0BFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DE0C000000), BinData(128, E33C11DE0FFFFFFF)]"
                            ]
                        }
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    },
    "rejectedPlans" : [ ]
},
"executionStats" : {
    "executionSuccess" : true,
    "nReturned" : 30,
    "executionTimeMillis" : 185,
    "totalKeysExamined" : 24613,
    "totalDocsExamined" : 24599,
    "executionStages" : {
        "stage" : "LIMIT",
        "nReturned" : 30,
        "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 160,
        "works" : 24664,
        "advanced" : 30,
        "needTime" : 24633,
        "needYield" : 0,
        "saveState" : 192,
        "restoreState" : 192,
        "isEOF" : 1,
        "invalidates" : 0,
        "limitAmount" : 30,
        "inputStage" : {
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            "nReturned" : 30,
            "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 160,
            "works" : 24663,
            "advanced" : 30,
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            "needYield" : 0,
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            "isEOF" : 0,
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            "keyPattern" : {
                "lag" : "2d"
            },
            "indexName" : "lag",
            "searchIntervals" : [
                {
                    "minDistance" : 0,
                    "maxDistance" : 305.746339475419,
                    "maxInclusive" : false,
                    "nBuffered" : 5,
                    "nReturned" : 5
                },
                {
                    "minDistance" : 305.746339475419,
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                },
                {
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                    "nBuffered" : 0,
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                },
                {
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                },
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                },
                {
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            ],
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                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DC80000000), BinData(128, E33C11DCBFFFFFFF)]"
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                        },
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                        "dupsTested" : 0,
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                {
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                },
                {
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                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DA30000000), BinData(128, E33C11DA3FFFFFFF)]"
                            ]
                        },
                        "keysExamined" : 3,
                        "dupsTested" : 0,
                        "dupsDropped" : 0,
                        "seenInvalidated" : 0
                    }
                },
                {
                    "stage" : "FETCH",
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                    "needYield" : 0,
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                        "isEOF" : 1,
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                        "keyPattern" : {
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                        },
                        "indexName" : "lag",
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                        "indexVersion" : 1,
                        "direction" : "forward",
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                            "lag" : [
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                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DE00000000), BinData(128, E33C11DE03FFFFFF)]"
                            ]
                        },
                        "keysExamined" : 3,
                        "dupsTested" : 0,
                        "dupsDropped" : 0,
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                    }
                },
                {
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                    "inputStage" : {
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                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7F0000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7F3FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7F4000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7F7FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11C7F8000000), BinData(128, E33C11C7FBFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11CDC0000000), BinData(128, E33C11CDCFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11CDE0000000), BinData(128, E33C11CDEFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11CDF0000000), BinData(128, E33C11CDFFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D620000000), BinData(128, E33C11D623FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D624000000), BinData(128, E33C11D627FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D628000000), BinData(128, E33C11D628FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D629000000), BinData(128, E33C11D629FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62A000000), BinData(128, E33C11D62A3FFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62A400000), BinData(128, E33C11D62A7FFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62A800000), BinData(128, E33C11D62A8FFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62A900000), BinData(128, E33C11D62A9FFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62AB00000), BinData(128, E33C11D62ABFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62AC00000), BinData(128, E33C11D62AFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62B000000), BinData(128, E33C11D62BFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11D62C000000), BinData(128, E33C11D62FFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DA80000000), BinData(128, E33C11DABFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DAC0000000), BinData(128, E33C11DAFFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DB80000000), BinData(128, E33C11DBBFFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DE04000000), BinData(128, E33C11DE07FFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DE08000000), BinData(128, E33C11DE0BFFFFFF)]",
                                "[BinData(128, E33C11DE0C000000), BinData(128, E33C11DE0FFFFFFF)]"
                            ]
                        },
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                        "dupsTested" : 0,
                        "dupsDropped" : 0,
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                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    },
    "allPlansExecution" : [ ]
},
"serverInfo" : {
    "host" : "{host}",
    "port" : 7004,
    "version" : "0.0.1-fake-",
    "gitVersion" : "nogitversion"
},
"ok" : 1

}
bye

语句2的执行环境

2dsphere index

        {
                "v" : 1,
                "key" : {
                        "loc" : "2dsphere"
                },
                "name" : "loc_2dsphere",
                "ns" : "mobike_default.kdytbl",
                "2dsphereIndexVersion" : 3
        }
db.kdytbl.find({loc:{ $nearSphere: { $geometry: { type : "Point",coordinates : [120.993965,31.449034]},$maxDistance:1000}}}).limit(30).explain(true)

MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
connecting to: 10.108.93.135:7004/admin
{

"queryPlanner" : {
    "plannerVersion" : 1,
    "namespace" : "{db}.{coll}",
    "indexFilterSet" : false,
    "parsedQuery" : {
        "loc" : {
            "$nearSphere" : {
                "$geometry" : {
                    "type" : "Point",
                    "coordinates" : [
                        120.993965,
                        31.449034
                    ]
                },
                "$maxDistance" : 1000
            }
        }
    },
    "winningPlan" : {
        "stage" : "LIMIT",
        "limitAmount" : 1,
        "inputStage" : {
            "stage" : "GEO_NEAR_2DSPHERE",
            "keyPattern" : {
                "loc" : "2dsphere"
            },
            "indexName" : "loc_2dsphere",
            "inputStage" : {
                "stage" : "FETCH",
                "inputStage" : {
                    "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                    "keyPattern" : {
                        "loc" : "2dsphere"
                    },
                    "indexName" : "loc_2dsphere",
                    "isMultiKey" : false,
                    "isUnique" : false,
                    "isSparse" : false,
                    "isPartial" : false,
                    "indexVersion" : 1,
                    "direction" : "forward",
                    "indexBounds" : {
                        "loc" : [
                            "[3819052484010180608, 3819052484010180608]",
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                            "[3869717979818098688, 3869717979818098688]",
                            "[3873095679538626560, 3873095679538626560]"
                        ]
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
    "rejectedPlans" : [ ]
},
"executionStats" : {
    "executionSuccess" : true,
    "nReturned" : 1,
    "executionTimeMillis" : 195,
    "totalKeysExamined" : 24627,
    "totalDocsExamined" : 24615,
    "executionStages" : {
        "stage" : "LIMIT",
        "nReturned" : 1,
        "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 190,
        "works" : 24646,
        "advanced" : 1,
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        "needYield" : 0,
        "saveState" : 192,
        "restoreState" : 192,
        "isEOF" : 1,
        "invalidates" : 0,
        "limitAmount" : 1,
        "inputStage" : {
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            "nReturned" : 1,
            "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 190,
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            "needYield" : 0,
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            "isEOF" : 0,
            "invalidates" : 0,
            "keyPattern" : {
                "loc" : "2dsphere"
            },
            "indexName" : "loc_2dsphere",
            "searchIntervals" : [
                {
                    "minDistance" : 0,
                    "maxDistance" : 1000,
                    "maxInclusive" : true,
                    "nBuffered" : 24615,
                    "nReturned" : 1
                }
            ],
            "inputStage" : {
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                "needYield" : 0,
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                "isEOF" : 1,
                "invalidates" : 0,
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                "alreadyHasObj" : 0,
                "inputStage" : {
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                    "indexName" : "loc_2dsphere",
                    "isMultiKey" : false,
                    "isUnique" : false,
                    "isSparse" : false,
                    "isPartial" : false,
                    "indexVersion" : 1,
                    "direction" : "forward",
                    "indexBounds" : {
                        "loc" : [
                            "[3819052484010180608, 3819052484010180608]",
                            "[3868592079911256064, 3868592079911256064]",
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                            "[3873095679538626560, 3873095679538626560]"
                        ]
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                    "seenInvalidated" : 0
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            }
        }
    },
    "allPlansExecution" : [ ]
},
"serverInfo" : {
    "host" : "{host}",
    "port" : 7004,
    "version" : "0.0.1-fake-",
    "gitVersion" : "nogitversion"
},
"ok" : 1

}

阿神
阿神

闭关修行中......

全部回复(2)
Ty80
Ty802017-05-24 11:33:32 2 楼

因为 2d 索引支持球面查询本身就有很大的性能问题，我主要看第二个用 2dsphere 索引的结果。

从查询explain结果来看，工作是正常的。下图中圆圈是查询的maxDistance，方格是数据被读到的地方。图中的坐标是GPS坐标，如果数据是火星坐标，显示的地方会有偏差。

可能是在这1公里范围里，数据分布很集中，但是离初始点比较远，$nearSphere 在最初估计点密度时在周围找不到数据，就会扩大到 maxDistance，对于这一点没有特别好的办法，可能的解决方案也会让普通的查询性能下降。建议下载 MongoDB Compass，看一下 loc 的数据分布，确认这一点。或者如果能把方圆5公里的位置数据公布出来，我可以在本地复现，就能明白问题到底在哪里了。一般来说，如果查询的起始点的分布与数据分布相似，平均来看，结果不会这么极端。

最后，explain 的查询不是 limit 30，而是 limit 1，不过问题性质应该是一样的。使用的版本是你自己编译的，应该没有改2dshpere相关的代码吧。

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世界只因有你
世界只因有你2017-05-24 11:33:32 1 楼

我们这边一直是自己编译的代码。这个版本是没有修改过2d 或者 2dsphere 索引相关逻辑的。
你说的没错，我们跟踪代码逻辑也是发现离查询点距离稍微远有一坨很密集的点。而步长递增的算法太狂野直接就跳到最大步长了。
抽象后的数据是否能够给出，我需要申请一下，不过问题不大。
mongo compass没有用过，如此神器，我学习一下。
limit 1 和limit 30 的问题，可能是我在采集数据时贴的语句疏忽了。不过这两种都测过，结果差不多的。
其实可以考虑开放一个模糊近似算法的接口，让用户选择放弃严格的正确性，带来性能上的成倍提升。我们这边是这么个优化的思路

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