用Python探索区块链世界的奥秘：揭秘区块链的工作原理

pip install WEB3
pip install eth-account

from web3 import Web3

# 连接到本地Geth节点
web3 = Web3(Web3.HttpProvider("http://127.0.0.1:8545"))

# 获取区块链当前的高度
block_number = web3.eth.block_number
print("区块链当前的高度：", block_number)

# 获取最新区块的信息
latest_block = web3.eth.get_block("latest")
print("最新区块的信息：", latest_block)

# 获取指定区块号的区块信息
block_number = 1000
block = web3.eth.get_block(block_number)
print("指定区块号的区块信息：", block)

from eth_account import Account

# 创建一个账户
account = Account.create()

# 获取账户的地址
address = account.address
print("账户的地址：", address)

# 获取账户的私钥
private_key = account.private_key
print("账户的私钥：", private_key)

# 创建一个交易
transaction = {
"nonce": web3.eth.get_transaction_count(address),
"to": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"value": 1000000000000000000,
"gas": 21000,
"gas_price": web3.eth.gas_price
}

# 签名交易
signed_transaction = web3.eth.account.sign_transaction(transaction, private_key)

# 发送交易
tx_hash = web3.eth.send_raw_transaction(signed_transaction.rawTransaction)

# 等待交易确认
receipt = web3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)

# 打印交易收据
print("交易收据：", receipt)

from solc import compile_source

# 编译智能合约代码
contract_source_code = """
pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

contract Greeter {
string public greeting;

constructor() public {
greeting = "Hello, World!";
}

function greet() public view returns (string) {
return greeting;
}
}
"""

compiled_contract = compile_source(contract_source_code)
contract_abi = compiled_contract["contracts"]["Greeter"]["abi"]
contract_bytecode = compiled_contract["contracts"]["Greeter"]["bin"]

# 部署智能合约
contract = web3.eth.contract(abi=contract_abi, bytecode=contract_bytecode)
tx_hash = contract.deploy({"from": address})

# 等待交易确认
receipt = web3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)

# 获取智能合约的地址
contract_address = receipt.contractAddress

# 调用智能合约的函数
greeting = contract.functions.greet().call()

# 打印智能合约返回的结果
print("智能合约返回的结果：", greeting)