数据存储在内存中,数据查询速度快。可以分摊数据库压力。
查询频率比较高,修改频率比较低。
安全系数低的数据
注意要将实体类实现序列化:
@Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @TableName(value = "tb_dept") public class Dept implements Serializable { @TableId(value = "id",type = IdType.AUTO) private Integer id; private String name; private String realname; }
对应依赖:
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--连接数据源--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <!--mp的依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.4.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
controller层对应代码:
@RestController @RequestMapping("order") public class DeptController { @Resource private DeptService deptService; @GetMapping("getById/{id}") //order/getById/1 //{}可以放多个,由下面的传参函数对应 //@PathVariable:获取请求映射中{}的值 public Dept getById(@PathVariable Integer id){ return deptService.findById(id); } @GetMapping("deleteById/{id}") public String deleteById(@PathVariable Integer id){ int i = deptService.deleteById(id); return i>0?"删除成功":"删除失败"; } @GetMapping("insert") public Dept insert(Dept dept){ Dept insert = deptService.insert(dept); return insert; } @GetMapping("update") public Dept update(Dept dept){ Dept update = deptService.update(dept); return update; } }
service层对应代码:
@Service public class DeptService { @Resource private DeptMapper deptMapper; //当存储的value类型为对象类型使用redisTemplate //存储的value类型为字符串。StringRedisTemplate @Autowired private RedisTemplate redisTemplate; //业务代码 public Dept findById(Integer id){ ValueOperations forValue = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); //查询缓存 Object o = forValue.get("dept::" + id); //缓存命中 if(o!=null){ return (Dept) o; } Dept dept = deptMapper.selectById(id); if(dept!=null){ //存入缓存中 forValue.set("dept::"+id,dept,24, TimeUnit.HOURS); } return dept; } public int deleteById(Integer id){ redisTemplate.delete("dept::"+id); int i = deptMapper.deleteById(id); return i; } public Dept insert(Dept dept){ int insert = deptMapper.insert(dept); return dept; } public Dept update(Dept dept){ redisTemplate.delete("dept::"+dept.getId()); int i = deptMapper.updateById(dept); return dept; } }
配置源:
# 配置数据源
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
#sql日志
mybatis-plus.configuration.log-impl=org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
#连接redis
spring.redis.host=192.168.22*.1**
spring.redis.port=6379
查看的缓存: 前部分代码相同@before通知,后部分代码也相同后置通知。 我们可以AOP完成缓存代码和业务代码分离。
spring框架它应该也能想到。--使用注解即可完成。解析该注解。
(1)把缓存的配置类加入
@Bean public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory factory) { RedisSerializer<String> redisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer(); Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class); //解决查询缓存转换异常的问题 ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om); // 配置序列化(解决乱码的问题),过期时间600秒 RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig() .entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(600)) //缓存过期10分钟 ---- 业务需求。 .serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(redisSerializer))//设置key的序列化方式 .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer)) //设置value的序列化 .disableCachingNullValues(); RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.builder(factory) .cacheDefaults(config) .build(); return cacheManager;
(2) 使用开启缓存注解
(3)使用注解
//业务代码 //使用查询注解:cacheNames表示缓存的名称 key:唯一标志---dept::key //先从缓存中查看key为(cacheNames::key)是否存在,如果存在则不会执行方法体,如果不存在则执行方法体并把方法的返回值存入缓存中 @Cacheable(cacheNames = {"dept"},key="#id") public Dept findById(Integer id){ Dept dept = deptMapper.selectById(id); return dept; } //先删除缓存在执行方法体。 @CacheEvict(cacheNames = {"dept"},key = "#id") public int deleteById(Integer id){ int row = deptMapper.deleteById(id); return row; } //这个注释可以确保方法被执行,同时方法的返回值也被记录到缓存中,实现缓存与数据库的同步更新。 @CachePut(cacheNames = "dept",key="#dept.id") public Dept update(Dept dept){ int insert = deptMapper.updateById(dept); return dept; }
使用压测工具测试高并发下带来线程安全问题
内部配置:
@RestController @RequestMapping("bucket") public class BucketController { @Autowired private BucketService bucketService; @GetMapping("update/{productId}") public String testUpdate(@PathVariable Integer productId){ String s = bucketService.updateById(productId); return s; } }
//此处写就不需要在启动类使用注解 @Mapper public interface BucketMapper extends BaseMapper<Bucket> { public Integer updateBucketById(Integer productId); }
@Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Bucket { @TableId(value = "productId",type = IdType.AUTO) private Integer productId; private Integer num; }
@Service public class BucketService { @Resource private BucketMapper bucketMapper; public String updateById(Integer productId){ //查看该商品的库存数量 Bucket bucket = bucketMapper.selectById(productId); if(bucket.getNum()>0){ //修改库存每次减1 Integer integer = bucketMapper.updateBucketById(productId); System.out.println("扣减成功!剩余库存数:"+(bucket.getNum()-1)); return "success"; }else { System.out.println("扣减失败!库存数不足"); return "fail"; } } }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.qy151wd.dao.BucketMapper"> <update id="updateBucketById" parameterType="int"> update bucket set num=num-1 where productId=#{productId} </update> </mapper>
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--连接数据源--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <!--mp的依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.4.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
我们看到同一个库存被使用了n次。以及数据库中库存为负数。 线程安全问题导致。
对应的service层修改为
@Service public class BucketService { @Resource private BucketMapper bucketMapper; public String updateById(Integer productId){ //加自动锁 synchronized (this){ //查看该商品的库存数量 Bucket bucket = bucketMapper.selectById(productId); if(bucket.getNum()>0){ //修改库存每次减1 Integer integer = bucketMapper.updateBucketById(productId); System.out.println("扣减成功!剩余库存数:"+(bucket.getNum()-1)); return "success"; }else { System.out.println("扣减失败!库存数不足"); return "fail"; } } } }
如果搭建了项目集群,那么该锁无效 。
(1)使用idea开集群项目
(2)使用nginx
(3)测试结果
发现又出现: 重复数字以及库存为负数。
(4)解决方法
service对应代码修改
@Service public class BucketService { @Resource private BucketMapper bucketMapper; @Autowired private RedisTemplate redisTemplate; public String updateById(Integer productId){ ValueOperations<String,String> forValue = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); Boolean flag = forValue.setIfAbsent("aaa::" + productId, "-----------------"); if(flag){ try{ //查看该商品的库存数量 Bucket bucket = bucketMapper.selectById(productId); if(bucket.getNum()>0){ //修改库存每次减1 Integer integer = bucketMapper.updateBucketById(productId); System.out.println("扣减成功!剩余库存数:"+(bucket.getNum()-1)); return "success"; }else { System.out.println("扣减失败!库存数不足"); return "fail"; } }finally { redisTemplate.delete("aaa::"+productId); } } return "服务器正忙,请稍后再试......."; } }
注意此处的测压速度不易太快(推荐使用5秒100个线程)
经过测压测试后,结果为:
以上是Java Redis使用场景实例分析的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章!