原创:PHP内核研究之类的成员属性和方法-php教程-PHP中文网

这一篇要详细讲讲PHP类的成员属性及方法.
上一篇中曾经介绍到zend_do_begin_class_declaration这个函数,它用来创建并初始化一个zend_class_entry
类的所有信息都保存在这个结构中,那么属性和方法是怎么保存的呢?

classPerson{

public$name;

}

还记得上一篇说过的zend_initialize_class_data函数吗?不记得也没关系.我们仔细来瞧瞧这个函数
zend_initialize_class_data(new_class_entry, 1 TSRMLS_CC);

ZEND_APIvoidzend_initialize_class_data(zend_class_entry *ce, zend_bool nullify_handlers TSRMLS_DC)/* {{{ */

{

zend_bool persistent_hashes = (ce->type == ZEND_INTERNAL_CLASS) ? 1 : 0;

dtor_func_t zval_ptr_dtor_func = ((persistent_hashes) ? ZVAL_INTERNAL_PTR_DTOR : ZVAL_PTR_DTOR);

ce->refcount = 1;

ce->constants_updated = 0;

ce->ce_flags = 0;

ce->doc_comment = NULL;

ce->doc_comment_len = 0;

zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->default_properties, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0);

zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->properties_info, 0, NULL, (dtor_func_t) (persistent_hashes ? zend_destroy_property_info_internal : zend_destroy_property_info), persistent_hashes, 0);

zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->default_static_members, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0); zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->constants_table, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0);

zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->function_table, 0, NULL, ZEND_FUNCTION_DTOR, persistent_hashes, 0);

if(ce->type == ZEND_INTERNAL_CLASS) {

#ifdef ZTS

intn = zend_hash_num_elements(CG(class_table));

if(CG(static_members) && n >= CG(last_static_member)) {

/* Support for run-time declaration: dl() */

CG(last_static_member) = n+1;

CG(static_members) =realloc(CG(static_members), (n+1)*sizeof(HashTable*));

CG(static_members)[n] = NULL;

}

ce->static_members = (HashTable*)(zend_intptr_t)n;

#else

ce->static_members = NULL;

#endif

}else{

ce->static_members = &ce->default_static_members;

}

if(nullify_handlers) {

ce->constructor = NULL;

ce->destructor = NULL;

ce->clone = NULL;

ce->__get = NULL;

ce->__set = NULL;

ce->__unset = NULL;

ce->__isset = NULL;

ce->__call = NULL;

ce->__callstatic = NULL;

ce->__tostring = NULL;

ce->create_object = NULL;

ce->get_iterator = NULL;

ce->iterator_funcs.funcs = NULL;

ce->interface_gets_implemented = NULL;

ce->get_static_method = NULL;

ce->parent = NULL;

ce->num_interfaces = 0;

ce->interfaces = NULL;

ce->module = NULL;

ce->serialize = NULL;

ce->unserialize = NULL;

ce->serialize_func = NULL;

ce->unserialize_func = NULL;

ce->builtin_functions = NULL;

}

zend_bool persistent_hashes = (ce->type == ZEND_INTERNAL_CLASS) ? 1 : 0;
普通用户类与内部类分配内存的方式不同….为什么会有区别呢???我还没来得及研究哦..^.^
注意看13-16行.
zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->default_properties, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0);
zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->default_static_members, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0);
zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->constants_table, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0);
zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->function_table, 0, NULL, ZEND_FUNCTION_DTOR, persistent_hashes, 0);
如果你看过之前的文章,那么你肯定知道这是在初始化HashTable.
是的..确实是这样,
default_properties,default_static_members等都是HashTable类型的指针.所以初始化当然要zend_hash_init了.
第36-61行初始化魔术方法
不过这里只是初始化哦..好像并没有设置属性.$name属性是如何添加到属性表里的呢???

unticked_class_declaration_statement:

class_entry_type T_STRING extends_from

{ zend_do_begin_class_declaration(&$1, &$2, &$3 TSRMLS_CC); }

implements_list

'{'

class_statement_list

'}'{ zend_do_end_class_declaration(&$1, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); }

| interface_entry T_STRING

{ zend_do_begin_class_declaration(&$1, &$2, NULL TSRMLS_CC); }

interface_extends_list

'{'

class_statement_list

'}'{ zend_do_end_class_declaration(&$1, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); }

;

class_statement:

variable_modifiers { CG(access_type) = Z_LVAL($1.u.constant); } class_variable_declaration';'

| class_constant_declaration';'

| method_modifiers function is_reference T_STRING { zend_do_begin_function_declaration(&$2, &$4, 1, $3.op_type, &$1 TSRMLS_CC); }'('

parameter_list')'method_body { zend_do_abstract_method(&$4, &$1, &$9 TSRMLS_CC); zend_do_end_function_declaration(&$2 TSRMLS_CC); }

;

class_variable_declaration:

class_variable_declaration','T_VARIABLE { zend_do_declare_property(&$3, NULL, CG(access_type) TSRMLS_CC); }

| class_variable_declaration','T_VARIABLE'='static_scalar { zend_do_declare_property(&$3, &$5, CG(access_type) TSRMLS_CC); }

| T_VARIABLE { zend_do_declare_property(&$1, NULL, CG(access_type) TSRMLS_CC); }

| T_VARIABLE'='static_scalar { zend_do_declare_property(&$1, &$3, CG(access_type) TSRMLS_CC); }

;

这个还记得吧?
类初始化成功后类里面的东西当然要执行class_statement_list这个啦..^.^
类体里会调用 zend_do_declare_property处理.

voidzend_do_declare_property(constznode *var_name,constznode *value, zend_uint access_type TSRMLS_DC)/* {{{ */

{

zval *property;

zend_property_info *existing_property_info;

char*comment = NULL;

intcomment_len = 0;

if(CG(active_class_entry)->ce_flags & ZEND_ACC_INTERFACE) {

zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR,"Interfaces may not include member variables");

}

if(access_type & ZEND_ACC_ABSTRACT) {

zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR,"Properties cannot be declared abstract");

}

if(access_type & ZEND_ACC_FINAL) {

zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR,"Cannot declare property %s::$%s final, the final modifier is allowed only for methods and classes",

CG(active_class_entry)->name, var_name->u.constant.value.str.val);

}

if(zend_hash_find(&CG(active_class_entry)->properties_info, var_name->u.constant.value.str.val, var_name->u.constant.value.str.len+1, (void**) &existing_property_info)==SUCCESS) {

if(!(existing_property_info->flags & ZEND_ACC_IMPLICIT_PUBLIC)) {

zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR,"Cannot redeclare %s::$%s", CG(active_class_entry)->name, var_name->u.constant.value.str.val);

}

ALLOC_ZVAL(property);

if(value) {

*property = value->u.constant;

}else{

INIT_PZVAL(property);

Z_TYPE_P(property) = IS_NULL;

}

if(CG(doc_comment)) {

comment = CG(doc_comment);

comment_len = CG(doc_comment_len);

CG(doc_comment) = NULL;

CG(doc_comment_len) = 0;

}

zend_declare_property_ex(CG(active_class_entry), var_name->u.constant.value.str.val, var_name->u.constant.value.str.len, property, access_type, comment, comment_len TSRMLS_CC);

efree(var_name->u.constant.value.str.val);

}

第8-25行:
如果你的类声明的是接口.那么该接口是不能有属性的会抛出Interfaces may not include member variables
如果类的属性被设置为abstract,那么会抛出Properties cannot be declared abstract
如果类的属性被设置为final,那么会抛出Cannot declare property %s::$%s final, the final modifier is allowed only for methods and classes
一切没有问题,会分配一个zval的数据,
如果属性有初始值,那么该数据会分配给zval,如果没有,则调用INIT_PZVAL初始化zval,并设置类型为IS_NULL;
最后会调用zend_declare_property_ex将该zval添加到指定的active_class_entry中
类的方法

classPerson{

publicfunctiontest(){

echo1;

}

如果是方法呢??是怎么处理的?
先看规则

class_statement:

variable_modifiers { CG(access_type) = Z_LVAL($1.u.constant); } class_variable_declaration';'

| class_constant_declaration';'

| method_modifiers function is_reference T_STRING { zend_do_begin_function_declaration(&$2, &$4, 1, $3.op_type, &$1 TSRMLS_CC); }'('

parameter_list')'method_body { zend_do_abstract_method(&$4, &$1, &$9 TSRMLS_CC); zend_do_end_function_declaration(&$2 TSRMLS_CC); }

第一个是属性,那么第三个就是就是方法啦..
zend_do_begin_function_declaration眼熟吗?
如果看过之前的文章,肯定眼熟
如果没有看过.先去看看这篇文章. 函数的定义
这里就不详细讲了.
只说说在那篇没提到的内容
在这个函数中有一个判断

if(is_method) {

if(CG(active_class_entry)->ce_flags & ZEND_ACC_INTERFACE) {

if((Z_LVAL(fn_flags_znode->u.constant) & ~(ZEND_ACC_STATIC|ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC))) {

zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR,"Access type for interface method %s::%s() must be omitted", CG(active_class_entry)->name, function_name->u.constant.value.str.val);

}

Z_LVAL(fn_flags_znode->u.constant) |= ZEND_ACC_ABSTRACT;/* propagates to the rest of the parser */

}

fn_flags = Z_LVAL(fn_flags_znode->u.constant);/* must be done *after* the above check */

}else{

fn_flags = 0;

}

很明显,如果是方法 ,那么才会进去处理
3-5行 :
如果你把接口类的属性设置为private私有或受保护的.那么就会抛出Access type for interface method %s::%s() must be omitted
然后会调用
if (zend_hash_add(&CG(active_class_entry)->function_table, lcname, name_len+1, &op_array, sizeof(zend_op_array), (void **) &CG(active_op_array)) == FAILURE) {
zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR, “Cannot redeclare %s::%s()”, CG(active_class_entry)->name, name);
}
直接把方法添加到function_table里.
下面会根据不同的类声明做不同的判断.

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