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python读取和生成excel文件

高洛峰

发布： 2016-10-18 11:59:04

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今天来看一下如何使用python处理excel文件，处理excel文件是在工作中经常用到的，python为我们考虑到了这一点，python中本身就自带csv模块。

1.用python读取csv文件：

csv是逗号分隔符格式一般我们用的execl生成的格式是xls和xlsx 直接重命名为csv的话会报错：

Error: line contains NULL byte

insun解决方案：出错原因是直接是把后缀为xls的execl文件重命名为csv的正常的要是另存为csv文件就不会报错了

譬如我们有这么个csv文件：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  
import csv
with open(&#39;egg.csv&#39;,&#39;rb&#39;) as f:
reader = csv.reader(f)
for row in reader:
print row

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打印出来是这样的list

['a', '1', '1', '1']

['a', '2', '2', '2']

['b', '3', '3', '3']

['b', '4', '4', '4']

['b', '5', '5', '5']

['b', '6', '6', '6']

['c', '7', '7', '7']

['c', '8', '8', '8']

['c', '9', '9', '9']

['c', '10', '10', '10']

['d', '11', '11', '11']

['e', '12', '12', '12']

['e', '13', '13', '13']

['e', '14', '14', '14']

2.用python写入并生成csv

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  
import csv
with open(&#39;egg2.csv&#39;, &#39;wb&#39;) as csvfile:
spamwriter = csv.writer(csvfile, delimiter=&#39; &#39;,quotechar=&#39;|&#39;, quoting=csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;a&#39;, &#39;1&#39;, &#39;1&#39;, &#39;2&#39;, &#39;2&#39;])
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;b&#39;, &#39;3&#39;, &#39;3&#39;, &#39;6&#39;, &#39;4&#39;])
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;c&#39;, &#39;7&#39;, &#39;7&#39;, &#39;10&#39;, &#39;4&#39;])
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;d&#39;, &#39;11&#39;,&#39;11&#39;,&#39;11&#39;, &#39;1&#39;])
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;e&#39;, &#39;12&#39;,&#39;12&#39;,&#39;14&#39;, &#39;3&#39;])

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这样存进去的是存到一列了跟我们原本意图存进5列不一样

使用python的csv生成excel所兼容的csv文件的话，主要就是创建writer时的参数时要有dialect=’excel’

代码修改为：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  
import csv
with open(&#39;egg2.csv&#39;, &#39;wb&#39;) as csvfile:
spamwriter = csv.writer(csvfile,dialect=&#39;excel&#39;)
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;a&#39;, &#39;1&#39;, &#39;1&#39;, &#39;2&#39;, &#39;2&#39;])
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;b&#39;, &#39;3&#39;, &#39;3&#39;, &#39;6&#39;, &#39;4&#39;])
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;c&#39;, &#39;7&#39;, &#39;7&#39;, &#39;10&#39;, &#39;4&#39;])
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;d&#39;, &#39;11&#39;,&#39;11&#39;,&#39;11&#39;, &#39;1&#39;])
spamwriter.writerow([&#39;e&#39;, &#39;12&#39;,&#39;12&#39;,&#39;14&#39;, &#39;3&#39;])

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