如何使用Python OpenPyXl自动化Excel电子表格

使用openpyxl库可自动化Excel操作。安装后导入库，创建或加载工作簿，通过单元格坐标或行列索引读写数据，应用字体和填充样式提升可读性，最后保存文件，支持动态命名避免覆盖，适用于报表生成等重复任务。

Automating Excel spreadsheets with Python using openpyxl is a practical way to handle repetitive tasks like formatting, data entry, report generation, and analysis. This library allows you to read from and write to Excel (.xlsx) files without needing Microsoft Excel installed. Here’s how to get started and apply common automation techniques.

Install and Load openpyxl

Before working with Excel files, install the library using pip:

Then import it in your script:

You can create a new workbook or load an existing file:

• Create new: wb = Workbook()
• Load existing: wb = load_workbook('data.xlsx')

Read and Write Cell Data

Access worksheets and cells directly by name or index:

Read a cell value:

Write to a cell:

You can also use numeric row and column indexing with cell(row, col):

This flexibility makes it easy to loop through rows and update values dynamically.

Apply Formatting and Styles

Enhance readability by applying fonts, borders, and colors:

Example: Make text bold and set background color:

Use this for headers or highlighting key data automatically after processing.

Save Your Changes

After making updates, save the workbook:

If you're generating reports, include timestamps in filenames to avoid overwriting:

Basically just combine reading, modifying, and styling steps into a script that runs on demand or as part of a larger workflow. openpyxl handles most standard Excel operations cleanly and efficiently.

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