如何清除NGINX缓存？

Nginx缓存清除需根据配置方式操作，因无内置清除命令。1. 对于磁盘代理缓存，找到proxy_cache_path指定的路径（如/var/cache/nginx），删除其下文件并重启Nginx。2. 若启用缓存清除功能，可通过配置location ~ /purge实现指定URL清除，如curl -X PURGE清除单个页面。3. 使用FastCGI缓存时，清除fastcgi_cache_path对应目录文件并重启服务。4. 清除后可用curl -I检查响应头X-Cache: MISS确认缓存已失效。核心是匹配配置路径并正确管理文件权限。

Clearing the Nginx cache depends on how caching is configured. Nginx doesn't have a built-in command to flush the cache, but you can clear it manually or through configuration tweaks. Below are common methods based on typical setups.

1. Clear Disk-Based Proxy Cache

If you're using Nginx as a reverse proxy with proxy_cache, cached files are stored in directories on disk. To clear them:

• Find the cache path defined in your Nginx config (usually in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf or site config):

proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=my_cache:10m max_size=10g inactive=60m use_temp_path=off;

• Stop Nginx or proceed carefully while it's running to avoid issues:

sudo rm -rf /var/cache/nginx/*

• Restart Nginx to ensure clean state (optional but recommended):

sudo systemctl restart nginx

2. Bypass or Invalidate Specific Cached Content

You can selectively invalidate cache without clearing everything by using cache purging, if enabled.

• Add purge directive in your server block:

location ~ /purge(/.*) {
  proxy_cache_purge my_cache $scheme$proxy_host$1;
}

• Purge a specific URL:

curl -X PURGE "http://yoursite.com/page.html"

Make sure only trusted IPs can access the purge location for security.

3. Clear FastCGI Cache (for PHP setups)

If using fastcgi_cache, the process is similar:

• Check the cache path in config:

fastcgi_cache_path /var/cache/nginx-fastcgi levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgi:10m;

• Delete cache files:

sudo rm -rf /var/cache/nginx-fastcgi/*

• Restart Nginx:

sudo systemctl restart nginx

4. Verify Cache is Cleared

After clearing, test by requesting a page and checking response headers:

curl -I http://yoursite.com/some-page

Look for X-Cache: MISS or similar header showing content is fetched fresh.

Basically, Nginx cache is file-based, so clearing means removing those files or using a purge mechanism. Just remember to match paths in your config and handle permissions correctly. It's not complex, but easy to misconfigure if paths don't align.

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