在Linux VPS上设置Minecraft服务器

1. 更新系统：运行sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y确保环境最新；2. 安装Java：用sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk -y安装适配新版Minecraft的OpenJDK 17；3. 创建专用用户：执行adduser minecraft并切换su - minecraft提升安全性；4. 下载服务端JAR：使用wget获取官方Minecraft服务器jar文件并重命名为minecraft_server.jar；5. 首次运行生成配置：执行java -Xmx2G -Xms1G -jar minecraft_server.jar nogui后修改eula.txt中eula=true；6. 再次启动服务：同样命令再次运行服务器并正常关闭以完成初始化；7. 后台运行设置：可选screen或创建systemd服务（推荐）实现开机自启；8. 开放端口：通过sudo ufw allow 25565/tcp并确认VPS防火墙放行该端口；9. 连接测试：在Minecraft客户端添加服务器IP:25565验证成功连接，至此你已拥有一个稳定运行于Linux VPS上的Minecraft服务器。

Setting up a Minecraft server on a Linux VPS isn’t as intimidating as it sounds—especially if you’re comfortable with basic command-line tools. Here's how to do it step by step, assuming you’re using Ubuntu or Debian (most common for VPS providers like DigitalOcean, Linode, or AWS).

✅ 1. Update Your System

Before installing anything, make sure your system is up to date:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

✅ 2. Install Java

Minecraft Java Edition servers require Java. Install OpenJDK 17 (recommended for newer Minecraft versions like 1.17 ):

sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk -y

Check it’s installed:

java -version

You should see something like openjdk version "17.x.x".

✅ 3. Create a User for the Server (Optional but Recommended)

Don’t run Minecraft as root. Create a dedicated user:

adduser minecraft

Then switch to that user:

su - minecraft

✅ 4. Download Minecraft Server JAR

Go to the official Minecraft server download page and copy the latest server JAR link.

In your terminal (as the minecraft user):

wget <paste-the-jar-url-here>
# Example:
wget https://piston-data.mojang.com/v1/objects/84194a2f286ef7c1cfed88c85b5238f8075e168e/server.jar

Rename it for simplicity (optional):

mv server.jar minecraft_server.jar

✅ 5. Run the Server Once to Generate Config Files

java -Xmx2G -Xms1G -jar minecraft_server.jar nogui

• -Xmx2G = max RAM (adjust based on your VPS—1GB min, 2–4GB ideal)
• -Xms1G = starting RAM
• nogui = no GUI (required on headless servers)

This will fail the first time because eula.txt doesn’t exist yet.

Now edit the EULA:

nano eula.txt

Change eula=false to eula=true, save and exit (Ctrl O, Enter, Ctrl X).

✅ 6. Start the Server Again

java -Xmx2G -Xms1G -jar minecraft_server.jar nogui

Now it should start and generate world files, server.properties, etc.

Once it fully starts, type stop in the console to shut it down cleanly.

✅ 7. Make It Run in Background (Use Screen or Systemd)

Option A: Using screen (Simple)

Install screen:

sudo apt install screen -y

Then:

screen -S minecraft
java -Xmx2G -Xms1G -jar minecraft_server.jar nogui

Press Ctrl A, then D to detach. To reattach later:

screen -r minecraft

Option B: Use a systemd service (Better for auto-start)

As root, create a service file:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/minecraft.service

Paste this (adjust paths and RAM):

[Unit]
Description=Minecraft Server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=minecraft
WorkingDirectory=/home/minecraft
ExecStart=/usr/bin/java -Xmx2G -Xms1G -jar minecraft_server.jar nogui
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save, then:

sudo systemctl enable minecraft.service
sudo systemctl start minecraft.service

Check status:

sudo systemctl status minecraft.service

✅ 8. Open the Port

Minecraft uses port 25565 by default. Allow it:

sudo ufw allow 25565/tcp

(If UFW isn’t set up yet, run sudo ufw enable first.)

Also make sure your VPS provider allows that port in their firewall/network settings (e.g., DigitalOcean Cloud Firewalls).

✅ 9. Connect to Your Server

From the Minecraft client:

• Multiplayer → Add Server
• Server Address: your.vps.ip.address:25565

If you can connect, congrats! You’ve got a working server.

✅ Bonus Tips

• Backups: Regularly back up the /home/minecraft folder (especially world/).
• Plugins: Install PaperMC instead of vanilla for better performance and plugin support.
• Performance: If your VPS has 1GB RAM or less, consider using Aikar’s flags for better GC tuning.

That’s it! You now have a functional, background-running Minecraft server on your Linux VPS.
No need for hosting services—just your own box and a little command line magic.

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