随着 Laravel 应用程序的发展，管理导航菜单可能会变得具有挑战性，特别是对于基于角色的访问控制等动态元素。这篇博文探讨了如何使用菜单生成器系统简化和构建菜单，使它们更易于维护、扩展和扩展。
在许多 Laravel 项目中，Blade 模板使用条件处理菜单可见性：
@can('viewAdmin')
<a href="{{ route('administration.index') }}">
{{ __('Administration') }}
</a>
@endcan
虽然这种方法适用于简单的应用程序，但随着菜单数量的增加，它会变得混乱且难以管理。
菜单生成器系统将菜单逻辑封装到可重用的类中，改进：
通过赞助我的工作来支持我为开发者社区赋能的使命——您的贡献帮助我构建和分享有价值的工具、见解和资源：在此处了解更多信息。
要控制对管理菜单的访问，请在 AuthServiceProvider 中定义 viewAdmin 门：
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;
use App\Models\User;
class AuthServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
public function boot()
{
$this->registerPolicies();
Gate::define('viewAdmin', function (User $user) {
return $user->hasRole('admin'); // Replace with your app's role-checking logic
});
}
}
MenuItem 类定义菜单项的所有属性，例如标签、URL、图标和可见性：
<?php
namespace App\Actions\Builder;
use CleaniqueCoders\Traitify\Contracts\Builder;
use InvalidArgumentException;
class MenuItem implements Builder
{
private string $label;
private string $url;
private string $target = '_self';
private array $attributes = [];
private array $children = [];
private string $icon = 'o-squares-2x2';
private ?string $description = null;
private ?string $tooltip = null;
private $visible = true;
private array $output = [];
public function setLabel(string $label): self
{
$this->label = $label;
return $this;
}
public function setUrl(string $url): self
{
$this->url = $url;
return $this;
}
public function setTarget(string $target): self
{
$this->target = $target;
return $this;
}
public function addAttribute(string $key, string $value): self
{
$this->attributes[$key] = $value;
return $this;
}
public function addChild(MenuItem $child): self
{
$this->children[] = $child;
return $this;
}
public function setIcon(string $icon): self
{
$this->icon = $icon;
return $this;
}
public function setDescription(string $description): self
{
$this->description = $description;
return $this;
}
public function setTooltip(string $tooltip): self
{
$this->tooltip = $tooltip;
return $this;
}
public function setVisible($visible): self
{
if (! is_bool($visible) && ! is_callable($visible)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('The visible property must be a boolean or a callable.');
}
$this->visible = $visible;
return $this;
}
public function isVisible(): bool
{
return is_callable($this->visible) ? call_user_func($this->visible) : $this->visible;
}
public function build(): self
{
$this->output = [
'label' => $this->label,
'url' => $this->url,
'target' => $this->target,
'attributes' => $this->attributes,
'icon' => $this->icon,
'description' => $this->description,
'tooltip' => $this->tooltip,
'children' => array_filter(
array_map(fn (MenuItem $child) => $child->build()->toArray(), $this->children),
fn (array $child) => ! empty($child)
),
];
return $this;
}
public function toArray(): array
{
return $this->output;
}
public function toJson(int $options = 0): string
{
return json_encode($this->toArray(), $options, 512);
}
}
菜单构建器动态解析和构造菜单：
namespace App\Actions\Builder;
class Menu
{
public static function make()
{
return new self;
}
public function build(string $builder)
{
$class = match ($builder) {
'navbar' => Navbar::class,
'sidebar' => Sidebar::class,
'administration' => Administration::class,
default => Navbar::class,
};
$builder = new $class;
return $builder->build();
}
}
使用辅助函数访问菜单：
<?php
use App\Actions\Builder\Menu;
if (! function_exists('menu')) {
function menu(string $builder)
{
return Menu::make()->build($builder)->menus();
}
}
在 Administration 类中定义特定于管理的菜单项：
<?php
namespace App\Actions\Builder\Menu;
use App\Actions\Builder\MenuItem;
use CleaniqueCoders\Traitify\Contracts\Builder;
use CleaniqueCoders\Traitify\Contracts\Menu;
use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;
class Administration implements Builder, Menu
{
private Collection $menus;
public function menus(): Collection
{
return $this->menus;
}
public function build(): self
{
$this->menus = collect([
(new MenuItem)
->setLabel(__('Issues'))
->setUrl(url(config('telescope.path')))
->setTarget('_blank')
->setVisible(fn () => Gate::allows('viewTelescope'))
->setTooltip(__('View Telescope issues'))
->setDescription(__('Access application issues using Laravel Telescope'))
->setIcon('o-bug'), // Heroicon outline for a bug
(new MenuItem)
->setLabel(__('Queues'))
->setUrl(url(config('horizon.path')))
->setTarget('_blank')
->setVisible(fn () => Gate::allows('viewHorizon'))
->setTooltip(__('Manage queues'))
->setDescription(__('Access Laravel Horizon to monitor and manage queues'))
->setIcon('o-cog'), // Heroicon outline for settings/tasks
(new MenuItem)
->setLabel(__('Access Control'))
->setUrl(route('security.access-control.index'))
->setVisible(fn () => Gate::allows('viewAccessControl'))
->setTooltip(__('Manage access control'))
->setDescription(__('Define and manage access control rules'))
->setIcon('o-lock-closed'),
(new MenuItem)
->setLabel(__('Users'))
->setUrl(route('security.users.index'))
->setVisible(fn () => Gate::allows('viewUser'))
->setTooltip(__('Manage users'))
->setDescription(__('View and manage user accounts'))
->setIcon('o-user-group'),
(new MenuItem)
->setLabel(__('Audit Trail'))
->setUrl(route('security.audit-trail.index'))
->setVisible(fn () => Gate::allows('viewAudit'))
->setTooltip(__('View audit trails'))
->setDescription(__('Audit logs for security and activity tracking'))
->setIcon('o-document-text'),
])->reject(fn (MenuItem $menu) => ! $menu->isVisible())
->map(fn (MenuItem $menu) => $menu->build()->toArray());
return $this;
}
}
为管理页面添加以下路由配置：
<?php
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
Route::middleware(['auth:sanctum', 'verified', 'can:viewAdmin'])
->as('administration.')
->prefix('administration')
->group(function () {
Route::view('/', 'administration.index')->name('index');
});
导航菜单 (navigation-menu.blade.php):
@can('viewAdmin')
<a href="{{ route('administration.index') }}">
<x-icon name="o-computer-desktop" />
{{ __('Administration') }}
</a>
@endcan
管理菜单 (administration/index.blade.php):
<x-app-layout>
<x-slot name="header">{{ __('管理') }}</x-slot>;
<div>
<hr>
<p><strong>输出</strong></p>
<p>这是您可以获得的最终输出：</p>
<p><img src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/173418649412401.jpg" alt="Building Dynamic and Maintainable Menus in Laravel"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>通过赞助我的工作来支持我为开发者社区赋能的使命——您的贡献帮助我构建和分享有价值的工具、见解和资源：在此处了解更多信息。</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3>
<strong>结论</strong>
</h3>
<p>这个<strong>菜单生成器系统</strong>通过以下方式简化了 Laravel 中的导航管理：</p>
<ol>
<li>集中菜单定义以提高可维护性。</li>
<li>使用角色或权限动态控制菜单可见性。</li>
<li>跨视图和布局重用菜单逻辑。</li>
</ol>
<p>通过采用这种方法，即使在复杂的应用程序中，您也可以无缝扩展您的导航系统。 </p>
<p>您可能想从数据库加载菜单详细信息并构建您想要的菜单。但对我来说，这已经足够好了。我没有项目要求我使用数据库驱动的菜单配置。</p>
<p>代码可以在这里找到。 </p>
<p>尝试一下并分享您的想法！ ？</p>
<hr>
<p>照片由 Unsplash 上的 LinedPhoto 拍摄</p>
</div>
以上是在 Laravel 中构建动态且可维护的菜单的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章！
