使用 Python 以相反顺序读取文件
假设您有一个很长的文本文件,并且希望从最后一行读取其内容初始行。如何在 Python 中实现此目的?
答案:
以下 Python 生成器函数有效地以相反顺序读取文件:
import os def reverse_readline(filename, buf_size=8192): """A generator that returns the lines of a file in reverse order""" with open(filename, 'rb') as fh: segment = None offset = 0 fh.seek(0, os.SEEK_END) file_size = remaining_size = fh.tell() while remaining_size > 0: offset = min(file_size, offset + buf_size) fh.seek(file_size - offset) buffer = fh.read(min(remaining_size, buf_size)) # remove file's last "\n" if it exists, only for the first buffer if remaining_size == file_size and buffer[-1] == ord('\n'): buffer = buffer[:-1] remaining_size -= buf_size lines = buffer.split('\n'.encode()) # append last chunk's segment to this chunk's last line if segment is not None: lines[-1] += segment segment = lines[0] lines = lines[1:] # yield lines in this chunk except the segment for line in reversed(lines): # only decode on a parsed line, to avoid utf-8 decode error yield line.decode() # Don't yield None if the file was empty if segment is not None: yield segment.decode()
该生成器函数具有节省内存的性能,适用于大文件。它将文件分割成可管理的块并逐行向后处理它们。
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