在当今的数字环境中,有效的访问管理对于保护资源和数据至关重要。基于角色的访问控制 (RBAC) 系统提供了一种结构化方法来管理用户权限和角色。本博客概述了针对不同应用程序需求定制的 RBAC 系统的两种变体:通用业务应用程序和企业业务应用程序。
为了说明这些概念,我们将提供管理访问控制的服务的演示代码片段,以及 RBAC 系统中使用的每个表的详细说明。
对于大多数常见的业务应用程序,可以简化 RBAC 系统以有效地管理角色和权限,而不会增加复杂性。关键组件是:
用户表
角色表
模块表
模块_权限表
角色_权限表
用户角色表
企业业务应用程序可能需要额外的组件来处理更复杂的访问控制需求。其中包括:
政策表
角色_策略表
用户策略表
策略_条件表
上下文_权限表
Temporal_Constraint 表
代表团表
审核日志表
这是 Java 中 AccessControlService 的示例实现,演示了如何在动态 RBAC 系统中管理访问控制。此示例涵盖了基本组件并说明了如何处理权限和策略。
import java.time.LocalDateTime; import java.util.List; @Service @Transactional public class AccessControlService { @Autowired private UserRepository userRepository; @Autowired private RoleRepository roleRepository; @Autowired private ModulePermissionRepository modulePermissionRepository; @Autowired private RolePermissionRepository rolePermissionRepository; @Autowired private UserRoleRepository userRoleRepository; @Autowired private PolicyRepository policyRepository; @Autowired private UserPolicyRepository userPolicyRepository; @Autowired private RolePolicyRepository rolePolicyRepository; @Autowired private PolicyConditionRepository policyConditionRepository; @Autowired private ContextualPermissionRepository contextualPermissionRepository; @Autowired private TemporalConstraintRepository temporalConstraintRepository; @Autowired private DelegationRepository delegationRepository; public boolean hasAccess(String username, Long moduleId, String permissionType) { // Fetch user User user = userRepository.findByUsername(username); if (user == null) { return false; } // Check if user has any delegations boolean hasDelegatedAccess = checkDelegatedAccess(user.getUserId(), moduleId, permissionType); if (hasDelegatedAccess) { return true; } // Check if user has direct access via roles List<UserRole> userRoles = userRoleRepository.findByUserId(user.getUserId()); for (UserRole userRole : userRoles) { List<RolePermission> rolePermissions = rolePermissionRepository.findByRoleId(userRole.getRoleId()); for (RolePermission rolePermission : rolePermissions) { ModulePermission modulePermission = modulePermissionRepository.findById(rolePermission.getModulePermissionId()).orElse(null); if (modulePermission != null && modulePermission.getModuleId().equals(moduleId) && modulePermission.getPermissionType().equals(permissionType)) { // Check if role has any associated policies if (hasPolicyAccess(user.getUserId(), moduleId, permissionType, modulePermission.getModuleId())) { return true; } } } } return false; } private boolean checkDelegatedAccess(Long userId, Long moduleId, String permissionType) { List<Delegation> delegations = delegationRepository.findByDelegateUserId(userId); LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now(); for (Delegation delegation : delegations) { // Check if delegation is expired if (delegation.getExpirationDate() != null && delegation.getExpirationDate().isBefore(now)) { continue; } List<RolePermission> rolePermissions = rolePermissionRepository.findByRoleId(delegation.getRoleId()); for (RolePermission rolePermission : rolePermissions) { ModulePermission modulePermission = modulePermissionRepository.findById(rolePermission.getModulePermissionId()).orElse(null); if (modulePermission != null && modulePermission.getModuleId().equals(moduleId) && modulePermission.getPermissionType().equals(permissionType)) { return true; } } } return false; } private boolean hasPolicyAccess(Long userId, Long moduleId, String permissionType, Long modulePermissionId) { // Check policies assigned directly to the user List<UserPolicy> userPolicies = userPolicyRepository.findByUserId(userId); for (UserPolicy userPolicy : userPolicies) { if (isPolicyValid(userPolicy.getPolicyId(), moduleId, permissionType)) { return true; } } // Check policies assigned to roles List<UserRole> userRoles = userRoleRepository.findByUserId(userId); for (UserRole userRole : userRoles) { List<RolePolicy> rolePolicies = rolePolicyRepository.findByRoleId(userRole.getRoleId()); for (RolePolicy rolePolicy : rolePolicies) { if (isPolicyValid(rolePolicy.getPolicyId(), moduleId, permissionType)) { return true; } } } return false; } private boolean isPolicyValid(Long policyId, Long moduleId, String permissionType) { // Check policy conditions List<PolicyCondition> conditions = policyConditionRepository.findByPolicyId(policyId); for (PolicyCondition condition : conditions) { // Add logic to evaluate conditions based on conditionType and conditionValue // e.g., Check if context or attribute matches the condition } // Check contextual permissions List<ContextualPermission> contextualPermissions = contextualPermissionRepository.findByPolicyId(policyId); for (ContextualPermission contextualPermission : contextualPermissions) { // Add logic to evaluate contextual permissions // e.g., Check if current context matches the contextualPermission } // Check temporal constraints List<TemporalConstraint> temporalConstraints = temporalConstraintRepository.findByPolicyId(policyId); for (TemporalConstraint temporalConstraint : temporalConstraints) { LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now(); if (now.isBefore(temporalConstraint.getStartTime()) || now.isAfter(temporalConstraint.getEndTime())) { return false; } } return true; } }
通过区分普通业务应用和企业业务应用,您可以定制您的RBAC系统
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