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从 .NET MAUI Blazor 切换到 WebView 控件进行文档扫描

PHPz
发布： 2024-07-29 18:37:22
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在.NET MAUI开发中，BlazorWebView和WebView都用于显示网页内容，但它们的用途不同，针对不同的场景而设计。 BlazorWebView 专门设计用于在 .NET MAUI 应用程序中托管 Blazor 组件，允许您重用 Blazor 组件并在 Web 和本机应用程序之间共享代码。 WebView 是用于显示 Web 内容的通用控件，包括网页、HTML 字符串和本地 HTML 文件。在本文中，我们将探讨如何使用 WebView 控件将 .NET MAUI Blazor 文档扫描仪应用程序转换为 .NET MAUI 应用程序，以 JavaScript 和 HTML 实现文档扫描逻辑，并实现 C# 和 JavaScript 之间的互操作以扫描文档和保存图像。

先决条件

  1. 安装 Dynamsoft 服务：此服务对于与 Windows 和 macOS 上的 TWAIN、SANE、ICA、ESCL 和 WIA 扫描仪进行通信是必需的。
    • Windows：Dynamsoft-Service-Setup.msi
    • macOS：Dynamsoft-Service-Setup.pkg
  2. 申请免费试用许可证：获取 Dynamic Web TWAIN 的 30 天免费试用许可证以开始使用。

第 1 步：使用 WebView 控件创建新的 .NET MAUI 项目

  1. 在 Visual Studio 或 Visual Studio Code 中，创建一个新的 .NET MAUI 项目。

  2. 打开 MainPage.xaml 文件并将现有代码替换为以下 XAML 以添加 WebView 控件：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<ContentPage xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/dotnet/2021/maui"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2009/xaml"
             x:Class="MauiWebView.MainPage">

    <ScrollView>
        <StackLayout
            VerticalOptions="FillAndExpand"
HorizontalOptions="FillAndExpand">
            <WebView
    x:Name="WebView"
    VerticalOptions="FillAndExpand"
    HorizontalOptions="FillAndExpand" Navigating="OnWebViewNavigated"/>

        </StackLayout>
    </ScrollView>

</ContentPage>
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  3. 打开 MainPage.xaml.cs 文件并添加以下代码来设置 WebView 的来源并处理 Navigating 事件：

    namespace MauiWebView
{
    public partial class MainPage : ContentPage
    {
        public MainPage()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            LoadHtmlFile();
        }

        private void LoadHtmlFile()
        {
            WebView.Source = "index.html";

        }

        private async void OnWebViewNavigated(object sender, WebNavigatingEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Url.StartsWith("invoke://callcsharpfunction"))
            {
                // TODO: Implement interop between C# and JavaScript
            }
        }
    }

}
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    说明：

    • LoadHtmlFile方法设置WebView控件的Source属性来加载index.html文件。
    • 当 WebView 导航到新 URL 时，会触发 OnWebViewNaviged 方法。它检查 URL 是否以 invoke://callcsharpfunction 开头，如果是，则允许 C# 和 JavaScript 互操作。

步骤 2：将静态 HTML、JavaScript 和 CSS 文件加载到 WebView 控件中

在 .NET MAUI 项目中，您可以将位于 Resources/Raw 文件夹中的静态 HTML、JavaScript 和 CSS 文件加载到 WebView 中。确保 MauiAsset 构建操作包含在 .csproj 文件中：

<ItemGroup>
    <MauiAsset Include="Resources\Raw\**" LogicalName="%(RecursiveDir)%(Filename)%(Extension)" />
</ItemGroup>
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Switching from .NET MAUI Blazor to WebView Control for Document Scanning

我们在index.html 文件中创建与之前的 Blazor 文档扫描仪应用程序类似的 UI 布局。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    <title>Dynamsoft RESTful API Example</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="main.css">
</head>

<body>
    <div id="loading-indicator" class="loading-indicator">
        <div class="spinner"></div>
    </div>

    <h2>Document Scanner</h2>
    <div class="row">
        <div>
            <label>
                Get a License key from <a href="https://www.dynamsoft.com/customer/license/trialLicense?product=dwt"
                                          target="_blank">here</a>.
            </label>
            <input type="text" placeholder="licenseKey" id="inputText" class="license-input">
            <br />
        </div>

    </div>

    <div class="container">
        <div class="image-tool">
            <h3>Acquire Image</h3>
            <button class="btn btn-primary" id="query-devices-button">Get Devices</button>

            <div>
                <label for="sourceSelect">Source: </label>
                <select id="sources" class="form-control"></select>
            </div>

            <div>
                <label for="pixelTypeSelect">Pixel Type: </label>
                <select id="pixelTypeSelectId" class="form-control">
                    <option>B &amp; W</option>
                    <option>Gray</option>
                    <option>Color</option>
                </select>
            </div>

            <div>
                <label for="resolutionSelect">Resolution: </label>
                <select id="resolutionSelectId" class="form-control">
                    <option>100</option>
                    <option>150</option>
                    <option>200</option>
                    <option>300</option>
                </select>
            </div>


            <div>
                <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="showUICheckId">
                <label class="form-check-label" for="showUICheck">Show UI</label>
            </div>
            <div>
                <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="adfCheckId">
                <label class="form-check-label" for="adfCheck">ADF</label>
            </div>
            <div>
                <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="duplexCheckId">
                <label class="form-check-label" for="duplexCheck">Duplex</label>
            </div>

            <button class="btn btn-primary mt-3" id="scan-button">Scan Now</button>
            <button class="btn btn-primary mt-2" id="save-button">Save</button>

            <h3>Image Tools</h3>
            <div class="image-tools">
                <button id="delete-button" style="border:none; background:none; padding:0;">
                    <img src="images/delete.png" alt="Click Me" style="width: 64px; height: 64px;" />
                </button>
                <button id="rotate-left-button" style="border:none; background:none; padding:0;">
                    <img src="images/rotate_left.png" alt="Click Me" style="width: 64px; height: 64px;" />
                </button>
                <button id="rotate-right-button" style="border:none; background:none; padding:0;">
                    <img src="images/rotate_right.png" alt="Click Me" style="width: 64px; height: 64px;" />
                </button>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="image-display">
            <div class="full-img">
                <img id="document-image" src="images/default.png" class="scanned-image">
            </div>

            <div class="row">
                <div class="thumb-bar" id="thumb-bar">
                    <div class="thumb-box" id="thumb-box"> 
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <script src="main.js"></script>
</body>

</html>
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第 3 步：用 JavaScript 实现文档扫描

环境准备好了，下一步就是用JavaScript实现相关功能。

获取设备

枚举可用的扫描仪。

const ScannerType = {
    // TWAIN scanner type, represented by the value 0x10
    TWAINSCANNER: 0x10,

    // WIA scanner type, represented by the value 0x20
    WIASCANNER: 0x20,

    // 64-bit TWAIN scanner type, represented by the value 0x40
    TWAINX64SCANNER: 0x40,

    // ICA scanner type, represented by the value 0x80
    ICASCANNER: 0x80,

    // SANE scanner type, represented by the value 0x100
    SANESCANNER: 0x100,

    // eSCL scanner type, represented by the value 0x200
    ESCLSCANNER: 0x200,

    // WiFi Direct scanner type, represented by the value 0x400
    WIFIDIRECTSCANNER: 0x400,

    // WIA-TWAIN scanner type, represented by the value 0x800
    WIATWAINSCANNER: 0x800
};

let queryDevicesButton = document.getElementById("query-devices-button");
queryDevicesButton.onclick = async () => {
    let scannerType = ScannerType.TWAINSCANNER | ScannerType.TWAINX64SCANNER;
    let devices = await getDevices(host, scannerType);
    let select = document.getElementById("sources");
    select.innerHTML = '';
    for (let i = 0; i < devices.length; i++) {
        let device = devices[i];
        let option = document.createElement("option");
        option.text = device['name'];
        option.value = JSON.stringify(device);
        select.add(option);
    };
}

async function getDevices(host, scannerType) {
    devices = [];
    let url = host + '/DWTAPI/Scanners'
    if (scannerType != null) {
        url += '?type=' + scannerType;
    }

    try {
        let response = await fetch(url);

        if (response.ok) {
            let devices = await response.json();
            return devices;
        }
    } catch (error) {
        console.log(error);
    }
    return [];
}
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说明

  • getDevices 函数向 RESTful API 端点 /DWTAPI/Scanners 发送 GET 请求以获取可用的扫描仪。扫描仪类型由scannerType参数指定。

获取图像

通过指定像素类型、分辨率和其他设置从选定的扫描仪扫描文档。

let scanButton = document.getElementById("scan-button");
scanButton.onclick = async () => {
    let select = document.getElementById("sources");
    let device = select.value;

    if (device == null || device.length == 0) {
        alert('Please select a scanner.');
        return;
    }

    let inputText = document.getElementById("inputText").value;
    let license = inputText.trim();

    if (license == null || license.length == 0) {
        alert('Please input a valid license key.');
    }

    let parameters = {
        license: license,
        device: JSON.parse(device)['device'],
    };

    let showUICheck = document.getElementById("showUICheckId");

    let pixelTypeSelect = document.getElementById("pixelTypeSelectId");

    let resolutionSelect = document.getElementById("resolutionSelectId");

    let adfCheck = document.getElementById("adfCheckId");

    let duplexCheck = document.getElementById("duplexCheckId");

    parameters.config = {
        IfShowUI: showUICheck.checked,
        PixelType: pixelTypeSelect.selectedIndex,
        Resolution: parseInt(resolutionSelect.value),
        IfFeederEnabled: adfCheck.checked,
        IfDuplexEnabled: duplexCheck.checked,
    };


    let jobId = await scanDocument(host, parameters);
    let images = await getImages(host, jobId);

    for (let i = 0; i < images.length; i++) {
        let url = images[i];

        let img = document.getElementById('document-image');
        img.src = url;
        data.unshift(url);

        let option = document.createElement("option");
        option.selected = true;
        option.text = url;
        option.value = url;

        let thumbnails = document.getElementById("thumb-box");
        let newImage = document.createElement('img');
        newImage.setAttribute('src', url);
        if (thumbnails != null) {
            thumbnails.insertBefore(newImage, thumbnails.firstChild);
            newImage.addEventListener('click', e => {
                if (e != null && e.target != null) {
                    let target = e.target;
                    img.src = target.src;
                    selectedThumbnail = target;
                }
            });
        }

        selectedThumbnail = newImage;
    }

}

async function scanDocument(host, parameters, timeout = 30) {
    let url = host + '/DWTAPI/ScanJobs?timeout=' + timeout;

    try {
        let response = await fetch(url, {
            method: 'POST',
            headers: {
                'Content-Type': 'application/json'
            },
            body: JSON.stringify(parameters)
        });

        if (response.ok) {
            let jobId = await response.text();
            return jobId;
        }
        else {
            return '';
        }
    } catch (error) {
        alert(error);
        return '';
    }
}

async function getImages(host, jobId) {
    let images = [];
    let url = host + '/DWTAPI/ScanJobs/' + jobId + '/NextDocument';

    while (true) {
        try {

            let response = await fetch(url);

            if (response.status == 200) {
                const arrayBuffer = await response.arrayBuffer();
                const blob = new Blob([arrayBuffer], { type: response.type });
                const imageUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob);

                images.push(imageUrl);
            }
            else {
                break;
            }

        } catch (error) {
            console.error('No more images.');
            break;
        }
    }

    return images;
}
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说明

  • scanDocument 函数向 RESTful API 端点 /DWTAPI/ScanJobs 发送 POST 请求以启动扫描作业。参数包括许可证密钥、设备名称和扫描设置。
  • getImages 函数向 RESTful API 端点 /DWTAPI/ScanJobs/{jobId}/NextDocument 发送 GET 请求以获取扫描图像。图像存储在 blob 对象中并显示在图像显示区域中。

旋转图像

将扫描图像旋转-90 或 90 度。

let rotateLeftButton = document.getElementById("rotate-left-button");
rotateLeftButton.onclick = () => {
    let img = document.getElementById('document-image');
    img.src = rotateImage('document-image', -90);
    selectedThumbnail.src = img.src;
}

let rotateRightButton = document.getElementById("rotate-right-button");
rotateRightButton.onclick = () => {
    let img = document.getElementById('document-image');
    img.src = rotateImage('document-image', 90);
    selectedThumbnail.src = img.src;
}

    function rotateImage (imageId, angle) {
    const image = document.getElementById(imageId);
    const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
    const context = canvas.getContext('2d');
    const imageWidth = image.naturalWidth;
    const imageHeight = image.naturalHeight;

    // Calculate the new rotation
    let rotation = 0;
    rotation = (rotation + angle) % 360;

    // Adjust canvas size for rotation
    if (rotation === 90 || rotation === -270 || rotation === 270) {
        canvas.width = imageHeight;
        canvas.height = imageWidth;
    } else if (rotation === 180 || rotation === -180) {
        canvas.width = imageWidth;
        canvas.height = imageHeight;
    } else if (rotation === 270 || rotation === -90) {
        canvas.width = imageHeight;
        canvas.height = imageWidth;
    } else {
        canvas.width = imageWidth;
        canvas.height = imageHeight;
    }

    // Clear the canvas
    context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

    // Draw the rotated image on the canvas
    context.save();
    if (rotation === 90 || rotation === -270) {
        context.translate(canvas.width, 0);
        context.rotate(90 * Math.PI / 180);
    } else if (rotation === 180 || rotation === -180) {
        context.translate(canvas.width, canvas.height);
        context.rotate(180 * Math.PI / 180);
    } else if (rotation === 270 || rotation === -90) {
        context.translate(0, canvas.height);
        context.rotate(270 * Math.PI / 180);
    }
    context.drawImage(image, 0, 0);
    context.restore();

    return canvas.toDataURL();
}
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删除图像

删除所有扫描图像，包括主图像和缩略图，并重置数据数组。

let deleteButton = document.getElementById("delete-button");
deleteButton.onclick = async () => {
    let img = document.getElementById('document-image');
    img.src = 'images/default.png';
    data = [];
    let thumbnails = document.getElementById("thumb-box");
    thumbnails.innerHTML = '';
}
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步骤 4：C# 和 JavaScript 之间的互操作以保存图像

出于安全考虑，直接在 JavaScript 中保存图像受到限制。因此，我们需要在 C# 和 JavaScript 之间进行互操作来完成此任务。

  1. 创建一个 JavaScript 函数，将扫描的图像转换为 Base64 字符串。

    function getBase64Image() {
    var img = document.getElementById('document-image');
    var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
    canvas.width = img.naturalWidth;
    canvas.height = img.naturalHeight;
    var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
    ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0);

    var dataURL = canvas.toDataURL('image/png'); 
    var base64 = dataURL.split(',')[1]; 
    return base64;
}
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  2. 点击保存按钮时，设置window.location.href以触发WebView控件的OnWebViewNaviged事件处理程序。

    let saveButton = document.getElementById("save-button");
saveButton.onclick = async () => {
    window.location.href = 'invoke://CallCSharpFunction';    
}
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  3. 在 OnWebViewNaviged 事件处理程序中，调用 EvaluateJavaScriptAsync 从 JavaScript 检索 Base64 图像数据并将其保存到文件中。

    private async void OnWebViewNavigated(object sender, WebNavigatingEventArgs e)
{
    if (e.Url.StartsWith("invoke://callcsharpfunction"))
    {
        var base64String = await WebView.EvaluateJavaScriptAsync("getBase64Image()");
        CallCSharpFunction(base64String);
    }
}

private void CallCSharpFunction(string base64String)
{
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(base64String))
    {

        try
        {
            byte[] imageBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(base64String);

            var filePath = Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments), GenerateFilename());
            File.WriteAllBytes(filePath, imageBytes);
            DisplayAlert("Success", "Image saved to: " + filePath, "OK");

        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            DisplayAlert("Error", ex.Message, "OK");
        }
    }
    else
    {
        DisplayAlert("Failure", "No image data found", "OK");
    }
}

private string GenerateFilename()
{
    DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
    string timestamp = now.ToString("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss");
    return $"image_{timestamp}.png";
}
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Note: Do not pass the base64 string directly to the C# function via window.location.href, as the string may be too long and cause an error. Instead, return the base64 string when calling EvaluateJavaScriptAsync from the C# function.

Step 5: Run the .NET MAUI Document Scanner Application

Press F5 in Visual Studio or Visual Studio Code to run the .NET document scanner application on Windows or macOS.

Switching from .NET MAUI Blazor to WebView Control for Document Scanning

Source Code

https://github.com/yushulx/dotnet-twain-wia-sane-scanner/tree/main/examples/MauiWebView

以上是从 .NET MAUI Blazor 切换到 WebView 控件进行文档扫描的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章！

来源：dev.to
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