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文字

  • 1:概况介绍

  • 2:集装箱

  • 3:服务

  • 4:成群

  • 5:堆叠

  • 6:部署应用程序

欢迎%21我们很兴奋你想学习如何使用码头。

在本六部分教程中,您将:

  1. 在这页上设置并定位。

  1. 构建并运行您的第一个应用程序

  1. 将您的应用程序转换为扩展服务

  1. 跨越多台机器的服务

  1. 添加保存数据的访问者计数器

  1. 把你的蜂群部署到生产中

应用程序本身非常简单,因此您不会因为代码所做的事情而分心。毕竟,Docker的价值在于它如何构建、发布和运行应用程序;它完全不知道您的应用程序实际做了什么。

先决条件

虽然我们将在此过程中定义概念,但理解它对您是有好处的什么码头工人?和你为什么要用码头在我们开始之前。

在继续之前,我们还需要假设您熟悉一些概念:

  • IP地址和端口

  • 虚拟机

  • 编辑配置文件

  • 基本熟悉代码依赖和构建的思想。

  • 机器资源使用术语,如CPU百分比、RAM使用字节等。

集装箱简析

图像是一个轻量级的、独立的、可执行的包,它包含运行一段软件所需的一切,包括代码、运行时、库、环境变量和配置文件。

集装箱是映像的运行时实例--当实际执行时,映像在内存中会变成什么。默认情况下,它与主机环境完全隔离运行,只有在配置为访问主机文件和端口的情况下才能访问主机文件和端口。

容器在主机内核上本地运行应用程序。它们比虚拟机具有更好的性能特征,虚拟机只能通过虚拟机管理程序对主机资源进行虚拟访问。容器可以获得本机访问,每个容器运行在一个离散的进程中,不需要比任何其他可执行文件占用更多的内存。

容器与虚拟机

考虑一下将虚拟机与容器进行比较的图表:

虚拟机图

虚拟机运行客户操作系统-请注意每个框中的OS层。这是资源密集型的,由此产生的磁盘映像和应用程序状态是操作系统设置、系统安装的依赖项、操作系统安全补丁以及其他容易丢失、难以复制的临时内存的纠缠。

集装箱图

容器可以共享一个内核,而容器映像中唯一需要的信息是可执行文件及其包依赖项,它们从来不需要安装在主机系统上。这些进程像本机进程一样运行,您可以通过运行以下命令来单独管理它们docker ps-就像你跑ps在Linux上查看活动进程。最后,因为它们包含所有的依赖项,所以不存在配置纠缠;容器化应用程序“运行在任何地方”。

设置

在我们开始之前,请确保您的系统安装了最新版本的Docker。

安装码头

:要求版本1.13或更高版本

你应该能跑docker run hello-world看到这样的回应:

$ docker run hello-world

Hello from Docker!This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:...(snipped)...

现在也是一个很好的时间,以确保您正在使用的版本1.13或更高。跑docker --version去查查。

$ docker --version
Docker version 17.05.0-ce-rc1, build 2878a85

如果你看到像上面这样的信息,你已经准备好开始你的旅程了。

结语

规模单位是一个单独的、可移植的可执行文件,有着广泛的含义。这意味着CI/CD可以将更新推送到分布式应用程序的任何部分,系统依赖关系不是问题,而且资源密度也增加了。缩放行为的编排是一个新的可执行文件,而不是新的VM主机。

我们将学习所有这些东西,但首先让我们学会走路。

关于第二部分?

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