PHP演算法設計技巧：如何使用Dijkstra演算法解決單源最短路徑問題？

<?php
// 定义无穷大常量
define('INF', PHP_INT_MAX);

function dijkstra($graph, $source) {
    $numVertices = count($graph);
    
    // 初始化距离数组和标记数组
    $dist = array_fill(0, $numVertices, INF);
    $visited = array_fill(0, $numVertices, false);
    
    // 源点到源点的距离为0
    $dist[$source] = 0;
    
    // 更新距离数组和前驱顶点
    for ($i = 0; $i < $numVertices - 1; $i++) {
        // 找到距离数组中最小的值
        $minDist = INF;
        $minIndex = -1;
        
        for ($j = 0; $j < $numVertices; $j++) {
            if (!$visited[$j] && $dist[$j] <= $minDist) {
                $minDist = $dist[$j];
                $minIndex = $j;  
            }
        }
        
        // 将最小值标记为已访问
        $visited[$minIndex] = true;
        
        // 更新邻接节点的距离和前驱顶点
        for ($k = 0; $k < $numVertices; $k++) {
            if (!$visited[$k] && $graph[$minIndex][$k] && 
                $dist[$minIndex] !== INF && 
                $dist[$minIndex] + $graph[$minIndex][$k] < $dist[$k]) {
                $dist[$k] = $dist[$minIndex] + $graph[$minIndex][$k];
            }
        }
    }
    
    return $dist;
}

// 图的邻接矩阵表示
$graph = array(
    array(0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0),
    array(4, 0, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 11, 0),
    array(0, 8, 0, 7, 0, 4, 0, 0, 2),
    array(0, 0, 7, 0, 9, 14, 0, 0, 0),
    array(0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 10, 0, 0, 0),
    array(0, 0, 4, 14, 10, 0, 2, 0, 0),
    array(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 6),
    array(8, 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 7),
    array(0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 6, 7, 0)
);

$source = 0; // 源点

$dist = dijkstra($graph, $source);

echo "顶点        最短距离
";
for ($i = 0; $i < count($dist); $i++) {
    echo $i . "        " . $dist[$i] . "
";
}
?>