如何在PHP中應用簡單工廠模式來實現物件的統一管理

// 抽象类
abstract class Animal {
    public abstract function sound();
}

// 动物类实现
class Dog extends Animal {
    public function sound() {
        echo "汪汪汪";
    }
}

class Cat extends Animal {
    public function sound() {
        echo "喵喵喵";
    }
}

// 简单工厂类
class AnimalFactory {
    public static function createAnimal($type) {
        switch ($type) {
            case 'dog':
                return new Dog();
            case 'cat':
                return new Cat();
            default:
                throw new Exception("Unsupported animal type: " . $type);
        }
    }
}

// 客户端使用示例
$dog = AnimalFactory::createAnimal('dog');
$dog->sound();  // 输出：汪汪汪

$cat = AnimalFactory::createAnimal('cat');
$cat->sound();  // 输出：喵喵喵