如何解決：Java多執行緒錯誤：執行緒調度問題
引言：
在使用Java進行多執行緒程式設計時，我們經常會遇到一些執行緒調度問題。由於多執行緒同時執行，執行緒之間的執行順序和執行時間不確定，這可能導致一些意想不到的錯誤。本文將介紹一些常見的執行緒調度問題，並提供解決方法和範例程式碼。
一、執行緒調度問題的常見表現：
使用synchronized關鍵字實作執行緒同步
public class ThreadDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Printer printer = new Printer();
Thread thread1 = new Thread(printer);
Thread thread2 = new Thread(printer);
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}
class Printer implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
synchronized (this) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + i);
}
}
}
}import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
public class ThreadDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Printer printer = new Printer();
Thread thread1 = new Thread(printer);
Thread thread2 = new Thread(printer);
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}
class Printer implements Runnable {
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
@Override
public void run() {
lock.lock();
try {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + i);
}
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}public class ThreadDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Printer(), "Thread 1");
Thread thread2 = new Thread(new Printer(), "Thread 2");
thread1.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY); // Thread.MIN_PRIORITY = 1
thread2.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY); // Thread.MAX_PRIORITY = 10
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}
class Printer implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + i);
try {
Thread.sleep(100); // 模拟耗时操作
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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