如何在Java 7中使用執行緒池來實現生產者消費者模式

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class ProducerConsumerExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
        Buffer buffer = new Buffer();

        // 生产者线程
        Runnable producer = new Producer(buffer);
        executorService.submit(producer);

        // 消费者线程
        Runnable consumer = new Consumer(buffer);
        executorService.submit(consumer);

        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

class Buffer {
    private int value;
    private boolean occupied = false;

    public synchronized void produce(int value) {
        while (occupied) {
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }
        this.value = value;
        occupied = true;
        notifyAll();
    }

    public synchronized int consume() {
        while (!occupied) {
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }
        occupied = false;
        notifyAll();
        return value;
    }
}

class Producer implements Runnable {
    private static final int MAX_VALUE = 10;
    private Buffer buffer;

    public Producer(Buffer buffer) {
        this.buffer = buffer;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_VALUE; i++) {
            buffer.produce(i);
            System.out.println("Producer produced: " + i);
            try {
                Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 1000));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }
    }
}

class Consumer implements Runnable {
    private static final int MAX_VALUE = 10;
    private Buffer buffer;

    public Consumer(Buffer buffer) {
        this.buffer = buffer;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_VALUE; i++) {
            int value = buffer.consume();
            System.out.println("Consumer consumed: " + value);
            try {
                Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 1000));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }
    }
}