在 PHP 開發中經常會用到將數字從阿拉伯數字轉換成中文數字的功能,例如訂單金額大寫展示、發票金額列印等等。雖然可以使用一些線上工具或手動轉換的方法,但這些方法存在一些問題,例如效率較低、數位轉換規則不受控制、容易出現錯誤等等。因此,開發一個 PHP 函數來實作中文數字轉換功能是非常必要的。在本文中,我們將介紹一個簡單實用的 PHP 函數,並對其實作原理進行解析。
首先,我們要先明確的是,中文數字的轉換規則與阿拉伯數字有很大差別。阿拉伯數字是十進制系統,而中文數字是以萬為進位的。此外,中文數字還存在一些特殊的規則,例如零的使用、數字一的特殊讀法等等。
以下是阿拉伯數字0-9 對應的中文數字:
0 -> 零 1 -> 一 2 -> 二 3 -> 三 4 -> 四 5 -> 五 6 -> 六 7 -> 七 8 -> 八 9 -> 九
接下來是10-99 對應的中文數字:
10 -> 十 20 -> 二十 30 -> 三十 ... 90 -> 九十
在上述規則的基礎上,我們可以繼續擴展:
100 -> 一百 1000 -> 一千 10000 -> 一万 100000000 -> 一亿
當然,這些規則並不是絕對的,特別是數字一在讀法上還存在一些特殊情況,比如讀做“壹”、“弌”、“什”等等,這些情況我們在實作上會被特殊處理。
接下來,我們就開始逐步實現這個中文數字的轉換函數。我們將函數命名為convert_number_to_chinese
,該函數使用一個參數表示需要轉換的數字,並傳回值為轉換後的中文數字字串。
首先是實現數字0-9 的轉換,非常簡單:
function convert_number_to_chinese($number) { $chinese_numbers = array( "零", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九" ); return $chinese_numbers[$number]; }
接下來是數字10-99 的轉換:
function convert_number_to_chinese($number) { $chinese_numbers = array( "零", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九" ); if ($number < 10) { return $chinese_numbers[$number]; } else if ($number < 20) { return "十" . $chinese_numbers[$number - 10]; } else { $ten = $number / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } }
上面的程式碼透過數學運算將數字拆分為十位和個位,然後根據規則進行拼接後返回結果。
接下來是100-999 數字的轉換:
function convert_number_to_chinese($number) { $chinese_numbers = array( "零", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九" ); if ($number < 10) { return $chinese_numbers[$number]; } else if ($number < 20) { return "十" . $chinese_numbers[$number - 10]; } else if ($number < 100) { $ten = $number / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } else { $hundred = $number / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百"; } else if ($ten == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百零" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } else if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百" . $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百" . $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } }
上面的程式碼實現了100-999 的轉換,採用與10-99 相同的拆分思路,先將數字拆分百位、十位和個位,然後依照規則進行拼接後回傳結果。
接下來是 1000-9999 數字的轉換:
function convert_number_to_chinese($number) { $chinese_numbers = array( "零", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九" ); if ($number < 10) { return $chinese_numbers[$number]; } else if ($number < 20) { return "十" . $chinese_numbers[$number - 10]; } else if ($number < 100) { $ten = $number / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } else if ($number < 1000) { $hundred = $number / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百"; } else if ($ten == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百零" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } else if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百" . $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百" . $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } else { $thousand = $number / 1000; $hundred = ($number % 1000) / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($hundred == 0 && $ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千"; } else if ($hundred == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千零" . convert_number_to_chinese(substr($number, 1)); } else { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 1000); } } }
上面的程式碼實現了 1000-9999 的轉換,採用類似的拆分思路。需要注意的是,在處理千位數字時,需要遞歸呼叫convert_number_to_chinese
函數,處理剩餘的三位數。
接下來是 10000-99999999 數字的轉換:
function convert_number_to_chinese($number) { $chinese_numbers = array( "零", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九" ); if ($number < 10) { return $chinese_numbers[$number]; } else if ($number < 20) { return "十" . $chinese_numbers[$number - 10]; } else if ($number < 100) { $ten = $number / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } else if ($number < 1000) { $hundred = $number / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百"; } else if ($ten == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百零" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } else if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百" . $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百" . $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } else if ($number < 10000) { $thousand = $number / 1000; $hundred = ($number % 1000) / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($hundred == 0 && $ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千"; } else if ($hundred == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千零" . convert_number_to_chinese(substr($number, 1)); } else { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 1000); } } else if ($number < 100000000) { $ten_thousand = $number / 10000; $thousand = ($number % 10000) / 1000; $hundred = ($number % 1000) / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($thousand == 0 && $hundred == 0 && $ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万"; } else if ($thousand == 0 && $hundred == 0 && $ten == 0) { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万零" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } else if ($thousand == 0 && $hundred == 0) { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万零" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 100); } else if ($thousand == 0) { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 1000); } else { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 10000); } } }
上面的程式碼實現了 10000-99999999 的轉換,用到了遞歸呼叫的思路。需要注意的是,在處理萬位數時,需要分別處理一萬以下和一萬以上的情況,避免出現重複的「萬」字元。
最後,在函數開頭加上以下程式碼,來處理數字為 0 的情況:
if ($number == 0) { return "零"; }
到此,我們的中文數字轉換函數就完成了。以下是一個完整的範例:
function convert_number_to_chinese($number) { $chinese_numbers = array( "零", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九" ); if ($number == 0) { return "零"; } else if ($number < 10) { return $chinese_numbers[$number]; } else if ($number < 20) { return "十" . $chinese_numbers[$number - 10]; } else if ($number < 100) { $ten = $number / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } else if ($number < 1000) { $hundred = $number / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百"; } else if ($ten == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百零" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } else if ($digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百" . $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十"; } else { return $chinese_numbers[$hundred] . "百" . $chinese_numbers[$ten] . "十" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } } else if ($number < 10000) { $thousand = $number / 1000; $hundred = ($number % 1000) / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($hundred == 0 && $ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千"; } else if ($hundred == 0) { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千零" . convert_number_to_chinese(substr($number, 1)); } else { return $chinese_numbers[$thousand] . "千" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 1000); } } else if ($number < 100000000) { $ten_thousand = $number / 10000; $thousand = ($number % 10000) / 1000; $hundred = ($number % 1000) / 100; $ten = ($number % 100) / 10; $digit = $number % 10; if ($thousand == 0 && $hundred == 0 && $ten == 0 && $digit == 0) { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万"; } else if ($thousand == 0 && $hundred == 0 && $ten == 0) { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万零" . $chinese_numbers[$digit]; } else if ($thousand == 0 && $hundred == 0) { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万零" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 100); } else if ($thousand == 0) { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 1000); } else { return convert_number_to_chinese($ten_thousand) . "万" . convert_number_to_chinese($number % 10000); } } }
綜上所述,在開發過程中,我們需要仔細理解中文數字的轉換規則,並適時採用遞歸等演算法進行實作。考慮到中文數字轉換可能存在的複雜性,此函數實作可以作為一種參考,但是具體問題具體分析,需要結合實際需
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