MySQL派生表聯表查詢的範例分析-mysql教程-PHP中文網

前情提要：

公司經營的一個商城系統，突然發現訂單提領功能有問題，有大量的商家體現金額和訂單金額不一致。於是產生了需求，需要把提現表和供應商表作為一個結果集，連接上訂單表中的訂單金額，透過計算訂單表的金額和體現表商戶提現的金額進行比對，查看商戶是多提現了還是少提現了。

下面記錄我的查詢過程。

查詢流程：

剛開始，第一步我以提現表為主表，查詢出相關結果。 MySQL語句如下

SELECT  count(ysw.supply_id) AS &#39;提现次数&#39;,ysw.user_id AS &#39;供应商对应的用户ID&#39;, ysw.supply_id  AS &#39;供应商ID&#39; ,SUM(ysw.money)  AS &#39;供应商提现总金额&#39;,
case ysw.pay_type when 10 then &#39;微信&#39; when 20 then &#39;支付宝&#39; else &#39;银行卡&#39; end as &#39;支付方式&#39; ,
ys.supply_name AS &#39;供应商名称&#39;,ys.money AS &#39;供应商余额&#39;,ys.freez_money AS &#39;供应商冻结金额（已提现金额）&#39;
FROM yoshop_supply_withdraw AS ysw LEFT JOIN yoshop_supply AS ys ON ysw.supply_id = ys.supply_id
WHERE ysw.create_time < 1647446400 AND ysw.apply_status IN (10,20,40) GROUP BY ysw.supply_id
ORDER BY SUM(ysw.money) DESC ;

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查詢結果如圖是正常的：

MySQL派生表聯表查詢的範例分析

#接下來，我在左連結上訂單表的數據，又添加一個了left join，金額相關資料發生了變化嚴重不一致,而且查詢時間明顯延長，MySQL語句如下

SELECT  count(ysw.supply_id) AS &#39;提现次数&#39;,ysw.user_id AS &#39;供应商对应的用户ID&#39;, ysw.supply_id  AS &#39;供应商ID&#39; ,SUM(ysw.money)  AS &#39;供应商提现总金额&#39;,
case ysw.pay_type when 10 then &#39;微信&#39; when 20 then &#39;支付宝&#39; else &#39;银行卡&#39; end as &#39;支付方式&#39; ,
ys.supply_name AS &#39;供应商名称&#39;,ys.money AS &#39;供应商余额&#39;,ys.freez_money AS &#39;供应商冻结金额（已提现金额）&#39;,SUM(yo.pay_price)

FROM yoshop_supply_withdraw AS ysw LEFT JOIN yoshop_supply AS ys ON ysw.supply_id = ys.supply_id
LEFT JOIN yoshop_order AS yo ON yo.supply_ids =ysw.supply_id 

WHERE ysw.create_time < 1647446400 AND ysw.apply_status IN (10,20,40) GROUP BY ysw.supply_id
ORDER BY SUM(ysw.money) DESC ;

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查詢結果比較圖如下：

MySQL派生表聯表查詢的範例分析

經過實踐，我想直接透過左連接查詢到提現表金額和訂單表金額是行不通的。透過網路上查資料，以及在技術群裡請教，

優化了思路：把提現的統計好,把訂單的統計好，最後兩個結果集再根據供應商id做個鏈接

接下來就是，三步走了，第一步：把提現的統計好，上面第一次嘗試的第一步就是了，第二步：把訂單表的數據統計好。由於使用系統的原因，我直接使用的訂單商品表計算的訂單總金額，這一步也是分三步走的，我直接上代碼：

1.查询yoshop_order所有进行中，已完成的 订单id(order_id);
	SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order WHERE order_status IN (10,30);
	
2.查询没有退款的订单ID
	SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order WHERE order_status IN (10,30) AND order_id NOT IN ( SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order_refund);
	
3.查询订单商品表中 所有的订单金额

SELECT  supply_id  AS &#39;供应商ID&#39; , SUM(total_pay_price)  AS &#39;供应商订单总金额&#39; FROM yoshop_order_goods WHERE  create_time < 1647446400 AND order_pay_status = 0  AND  order_id IN(SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order WHERE order_status IN (10,30) AND order_id NOT IN ( SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order_refund)	 )  GROUP BY supply_id 
ORDER BY SUM(total_pay_price) DESC ;

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接下來就是進行把第一步和第二步驟的查詢結果當作衍生表，進行左連接查詢。我在這一步耗費的時間和精力最多。如果你能認真看完，相信一定會有收貨。我在這裡把我錯誤的過程也進行了記錄第一次錯誤拼接：

SELECT * FROM  (
	SELECT  count(ysw.supply_id) AS &#39;提现次数&#39;,ysw.user_id AS &#39;供应商对应的用户ID&#39;, ysw.supply_id  AS &#39;supply_id&#39; ,SUM(ysw.money)  AS &#39;供应商提现总金额&#39;,
	case ysw.pay_type when 10 then &#39;微信&#39; when 20 then &#39;支付宝&#39; else &#39;银行卡&#39; end as &#39;支付方式&#39; ,
	ys.supply_name AS &#39;供应商名称&#39;,ys.money AS &#39;供应商余额&#39;,ys.freez_money AS &#39;供应商冻结金额（已提现金额）&#39;
	FROM yoshop_supply_withdraw AS ysw LEFT JOIN yoshop_supply AS ys ON ysw.supply_id = ys.supply_id
	WHERE ysw.create_time < 1647446400 AND ysw.apply_status IN (10,20,40) GROUP BY ysw.supply_id
	ORDER BY SUM(ysw.money) DESC ) AS t1 
union all    // left join ,这里是注释记得删除

SELECT * FROM   --  这里是错误的不应该在查询
		(SELECT  supply_id  AS &#39;supply_id&#39; , SUM(total_pay_price)  AS total_pay_price FROM yoshop_order_goods WHERE  create_time < 1647446400 AND order_pay_status = 0  AND  order_id IN(
	SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order WHERE order_status IN (10,30) AND order_id NOT IN (
	SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order_refund)	 )  GROUP BY supply_id 
ORDER BY SUM(total_pay_price) DESC ) AS t2
								
ON t1.suppply_id = t2.suppply_id

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透過這一次試錯，明顯看出我把left join 和union all 的含義記錯了,並且在拼接的時候重複使用了select * from 。雖然是試錯了，但也是有收貨的，接下來進行了第二次錯誤的拼接：

SELECT t1.提现次数 ,t1.供应商对应的用户ID ,t1.supply_id, t1.支付方式 ,t1.供应商名称,t1.供应商余额, t1.供应商冻结金额（已提现金额）, t2.total_pay_price FROM  (
SELECT  count(ysw.supply_id) AS &#39;提现次数&#39;,ysw.user_id AS &#39;供应商对应的用户ID&#39;, ysw.supply_id  AS supply_id ,SUM(ysw.money)  AS &#39;供应商提现总金额&#39;,
case ysw.pay_type when 10 then &#39;微信&#39; when 20 then &#39;支付宝&#39; else &#39;银行卡&#39; end as &#39;支付方式&#39; ,
	ys.supply_name AS &#39;供应商名称&#39;,ys.money AS &#39;供应商余额&#39;,ys.freez_money AS &#39;供应商冻结金额（已提现金额）&#39;
	FROM yoshop_supply_withdraw AS ysw LEFT JOIN yoshop_supply AS ys ON ysw.supply_id = ys.supply_id
	WHERE ysw.create_time < 1647446400 AND ysw.apply_status IN (10,20,40) GROUP BY ysw.supply_id
	ORDER BY SUM(ysw.money) DESC ) AS t1 
        
 LEFT JOIN
		
(SELECT  supply_id  AS supply_id , SUM(total_pay_price)  AS total_pay_price FROM 
yoshop_order_goods WHERE  create_time < 1647446400 AND order_pay_status = 0  
AND  order_id IN(
SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order WHERE order_status IN (10,30) 
AND order_id NOT IN (
SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order_refund)	 )  
GROUP BY supply_id 
ORDER BY SUM(total_pay_price) DESC ) AS t2						
ON t1.suppply_id = t2.suppply_id

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通過這兩次錯誤的嘗試，以及根據嘗試過程中MySQL給出的錯誤提示，知道自己是在左連接上使用錯誤了，應該在開始查詢出來所有的字段，left join 後不能在使用select * 最後，回想了一遍自己所學的left join的語法，寫出了最後的正確的查詢結果

SELECT t1.supply_id &#39;供应商ID&#39;,t1.supply_name &#39;供应商名称&#39;,t1.user_id &#39;供应商绑定的用户ID&#39;,t1.withdrawtime &#39;供应商提现次数&#39; ,t1.supplyallmoney &#39;供应商提现金额&#39;,t1.payway &#39;供应商提现方式&#39;,t1.supply_money &#39;供应商账户余额&#39;,t1.supply_free_money &#39;供应商冻结余额（已提现金额）&#39;,
t2.total_pay_price &#39;供应商订单总金额&#39;,t2.order_id &#39;供应商订单数量&#39;
FROM  (											
SELECT  count(ysw.supply_id) AS withdrawtime,  ysw.user_id AS user_id,   ysw.supply_id  AS supply_id ,  SUM(ysw.money)  AS supplyallmoney,   ysw.alipay_name AS alipay_name ,ysw.alipay_account AS alipay_account,  ysw.audit_time as audit_time ,  ysw.bank_account AS bank_account,   ysw.bank_card AS bank_card,   ysw.bank_name AS bank_name,
case ysw.pay_type when 10 then &#39;微信&#39; when 20 then &#39;支付宝&#39; else &#39;银行卡&#39; end as payway ,
ys.supply_name AS supply_name,  ys.money AS supply_money,  ys.freez_money AS supply_free_money
FROM yoshop_supply_withdraw AS ysw LEFT JOIN yoshop_supply AS ys ON ysw.supply_id = ys.supply_id
WHERE ysw.create_time < 1647446400 AND ysw.apply_status IN (10,20,40) GROUP BY ysw.supply_id
ORDER BY SUM(ysw.money) DESC ) AS t1 
	
 LEFT JOIN

    (SELECT  supply_id  AS &#39;supply_id&#39; , COUNT(order_id) AS order_id,   SUM(total_pay_price)    AS total_pay_price 
    FROM 	yoshop_order_goods WHERE  create_time < 1647446400 AND order_pay_status = 0  
    AND  order_id IN(
        SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order WHERE order_status IN (10,30) 
    AND order_id NOT IN (
        SELECT order_id FROM yoshop_order_refund)	 ) 
    GROUP BY supply_id 
    ORDER BY SUM(total_pay_price) DESC ) AS t2
								
ON t1.supply_id = t2.supply_id

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正確的結果截圖：

MySQL派生表聯表查詢的範例分析