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PHP大檔案分割上傳詳解

墨辰丷

發布： 2023-03-26 14:44:01

原創

1750 人瀏覽過

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了PHP大檔案分割上傳，PHP分片上傳，具有一定的參考價值，有興趣的小夥伴們可以參考一下

服務端為什麼不能直接傳大文件？跟php.ini裡面的幾個配置有關

upload_max_filesize = 2M //PHP最大能接受的文件大小
post_max_size = 8M //PHP能收到的最大POST值&#39;
memory_limit = 128M //内存上限
max_execution_time = 30 //最大执行时间

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#當然不能簡單粗暴的把上面幾個值調大，否則伺服器記憶體資源吃光是遲早的問題。

解決思路

好在HTML5開放了新的FILE API，也可以直接操作二進位對象，我們可以直接在瀏覽器端實現檔案切割，按照以前的做法就得用Flash的方案，實現起來會麻煩很多。

JS思路
1.監聽上傳按鈕的onchange事件
2.取得檔案的FILE物件
3.把檔案的FILE物件進行切割，並且附加到FORMDATA物件中
4.把FORMDATA物件透過AJAX傳送到伺服器
5.重複3、4步驟，直到檔案傳送完。

PHP想法
1.建立上傳資料夾
2.把檔案從上傳暫存目錄移到上傳資料夾
3.所有的資料區塊上傳完成後，進行檔案合成
#4.刪除資料夾
5.返回上傳後的檔案路徑

DEMO程式碼

前端部分程式碼

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport"
     content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    #progress{
      width: 300px;
      height: 20px;
      background-color:#f7f7f7;
      box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
      border-radius:4px;
      background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,#f5f5f5,#f9f9f9);
    }

    #finish{
      background-color: #149bdf;
      background-image:linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(255,255,255,0.15) 25%,transparent 25%,transparent 50%,rgba(255,255,255,0.15) 50%,rgba(255,255,255,0.15) 75%,transparent 75%,transparent);
      background-size:40px 40px;
      height: 100%;
    }
    form{
      margin-top: 50px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="progress">
  <p id="finish" style="width: 0%;" progress="0"></p>
</p>
<form action="./upload.php">
  <input type="file" name="file" id="file">
  <input type="button" value="停止" id="stop">
</form>
<script>
  var fileForm = document.getElementById("file");
  var stopBtn = document.getElementById(&#39;stop&#39;);
  var upload = new Upload();

  fileForm.onchange = function(){
    upload.addFileAndSend(this);
  }

  stopBtn.onclick = function(){
    this.value = "停止中";
    upload.stop();
    this.value = "已停止";
  }

  function Upload(){
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    var form_data = new FormData();
    const LENGTH = 1024 * 1024;
    var start = 0;
    var end = start + LENGTH;
    var blob;
    var blob_num = 1;
    var is_stop = 0
    //对外方法，传入文件对象
    this.addFileAndSend = function(that){
      var file = that.files[0];
      blob = cutFile(file);
      sendFile(blob,file);
      blob_num += 1;
    }
    //停止文件上传
    this.stop = function(){
      xhr.abort();
      is_stop = 1;
    }
    //切割文件
    function cutFile(file){
      var file_blob = file.slice(start,end);
      start = end;
      end = start + LENGTH;
      return file_blob;
    };
    //发送文件
    function sendFile(blob,file){
      var total_blob_num = Math.ceil(file.size / LENGTH);
      form_data.append(&#39;file&#39;,blob);
      form_data.append(&#39;blob_num&#39;,blob_num);
      form_data.append(&#39;total_blob_num&#39;,total_blob_num);
      form_data.append(&#39;file_name&#39;,file.name);

      xhr.open(&#39;POST&#39;,&#39;./upload.php&#39;,false);
      xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
        var progress;
        var progressObj = document.getElementById(&#39;finish&#39;);
        if(total_blob_num == 1){
          progress = &#39;100%&#39;;
        }else{
          progress = Math.min(100,(blob_num/total_blob_num)* 100 ) +&#39;%&#39;;
        }
        progressObj.style.width = progress;
        var t = setTimeout(function(){
          if(start < file.size && is_stop === 0){
            blob = cutFile(file);
            sendFile(blob,file);
            blob_num += 1;
          }else{
            setTimeout(t);
          }
        },1000);
      }
      xhr.send(form_data);
    }
  }

</script>
</body>
</html>

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PHP部分程式碼

<?php
class Upload{
  private $filepath = &#39;./upload&#39;; //上传目录
  private $tmpPath; //PHP文件临时目录
  private $blobNum; //第几个文件块
  private $totalBlobNum; //文件块总数
  private $fileName; //文件名

  public function __construct($tmpPath,$blobNum,$totalBlobNum,$fileName){
    $this->tmpPath = $tmpPath;
    $this->blobNum = $blobNum;
    $this->totalBlobNum = $totalBlobNum;
    $this->fileName = $fileName;
    
    $this->moveFile();
    $this->fileMerge();
  }
  
  //判断是否是最后一块，如果是则进行文件合成并且删除文件块
  private function fileMerge(){
    if($this->blobNum == $this->totalBlobNum){
      $blob = &#39;&#39;;
      for($i=1; $i<= $this->totalBlobNum; $i++){
        $blob .= file_get_contents($this->filepath.&#39;/&#39;. $this->fileName.&#39;__&#39;.$i);
      }
      file_put_contents($this->filepath.&#39;/&#39;. $this->fileName,$blob);
      $this->deleteFileBlob();
    }
  }
  
  //删除文件块
  private function deleteFileBlob(){
    for($i=1; $i<= $this->totalBlobNum; $i++){
      @unlink($this->filepath.&#39;/&#39;. $this->fileName.&#39;__&#39;.$i);
    }
  }
  
  //移动文件
  private function moveFile(){
    $this->touchDir();
    $filename = $this->filepath.&#39;/&#39;. $this->fileName.&#39;__&#39;.$this->blobNum;
    move_uploaded_file($this->tmpPath,$filename);
  }
  
  //API返回数据
  public function apiReturn(){
    if($this->blobNum == $this->totalBlobNum){
        if(file_exists($this->filepath.&#39;/&#39;. $this->fileName)){
          $data[&#39;code&#39;] = 2;
          $data[&#39;msg&#39;] = &#39;success&#39;;
          $data[&#39;file_path&#39;] = &#39;http://&#39;.$_SERVER[&#39;HTTP_HOST&#39;].dirname($_SERVER[&#39;DOCUMENT_URI&#39;]).str_replace(&#39;.&#39;,&#39;&#39;,$this->filepath).&#39;/&#39;. $this->fileName;
        }
    }else{
        if(file_exists($this->filepath.&#39;/&#39;. $this->fileName.&#39;__&#39;.$this->blobNum)){
          $data[&#39;code&#39;] = 1;
          $data[&#39;msg&#39;] = &#39;waiting for all&#39;;
          $data[&#39;file_path&#39;] = &#39;&#39;;
        }
    }
    header(&#39;Content-type: application/json&#39;);
    echo json_encode($data);
  }
  
  //建立上传文件夹
  private function touchDir(){
    if(!file_exists($this->filepath)){
      return mkdir($this->filepath);
    }
  }
}

//实例化并获取系统变量传参
$upload = new Upload($_FILES[&#39;file&#39;][&#39;tmp_name&#39;],$_POST[&#39;blob_num&#39;],$_POST[&#39;total_blob_num&#39;],$_POST[&#39;file_name&#39;]);
//调用方法，返回结果
$upload->apiReturn();

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