在MySQL資料庫中把int類型轉換到varchar類型引發的慢查詢問題

CREATE TABLE `appstat_day_prototype_201305` ( `day_key` date NOT NULL DEFAULT '1900-01-01', `appkey` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `user_total` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `user_activity` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `times_total` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `times_activity` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `incr_login_daily` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `unbind_total` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `unbind_activitys` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (`appkey`,`day_key`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 mysql> explain SELECT * from appstat_day_prototype_201305 where appkey = xxxxx and day_key between '2013-05-23' and '2013-05-30'; +----+-------------+------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | appstat_day_prototype_201305 | ALL | PRIMARY | NULL | NULL | NULL | 19285787 | Using where | +----+-------------+------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> explain SELECT * from appstat_day_prototype_201305 where appkey = 'xxxxx' and day_key between '2013-05-23' and '2013-05-30'; +----+-------------+------------------------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+------------------------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | appstat_day_prototype_201305 | range | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 65 | NULL | 1 | Using where | +----+-------------+------------------------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

*************************** 1. row *************************** Table: poll_joined_151 Create Table: CREATE TABLE `poll_joined_151` ( `poll_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL, `uid` bigint(11) NOT NULL, `item_id` varchar(60) NOT NULL, `add_time` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `anonymous` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `sub_item` varchar(1200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', KEY `idx_poll_id_uid_add_time` (`poll_id`,`uid`,`add_time`), KEY `idx_anonymous_id_addtime` (`anonymous`,`poll_id`,`add_time`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 SELECT * FROM poll_joined_151 WHERE poll_id = '2348993' AND anonymous =0 ORDER BY add_time DESC LIMIT 0 , 3 *************************** 1. row *************************** id: 1 select_type: SIMPLE table: poll_joined_151 type: ref possible_keys: idx_poll_id_uid_add_time,idx_anonymous_id_addtime key: idx_anonymous_id_addtime key_len: 9 ref: const,const rows: 30240 Extra: Using where

If both arguments in a comparison operation are strings, they are compared as strings. 两个参数都是字符串，会按照字符串来比较，不做类型转换。 If both arguments are integers, they are compared as integers. 两个参数都是整数，按照整数来比较，不做类型转换。 Hexadecimal values are treated as binary strings if not compared to a number. 十六进制的值和非数字做比较时，会被当做二进制串。 If one of the arguments is a TIMESTAMP or DATETIME column and the other argument is a constant, the constant is converted to a timestamp before the comparison is performed. This is done to be more ODBC-friendly. Note that this is not done for the arguments to IN()! To be safe, always use complete datetime, date, or time strings when doing comparisons. For example, to achieve best results when using BETWEEN with date or time values, use CAST() to explicitly convert the values to the desired data type. 有一个参数是 TIMESTAMP 或 DATETIME，并且另外一个参数是常量，常量会被转换为 timestamp If one of the arguments is a decimal value, comparison depends on the other argument. The arguments are compared as decimal values if the other argument is a decimal or integer value, or as floating-point values if the other argument is a floating-point value. 有一个参数是 decimal 类型，如果另外一个参数是 decimal 或者整数，会将整数转换为 decimal 后进行比较，如果另外一个参数是浮点数，则会把 decimal 转换为浮点数进行比较 In all other cases, the arguments are compared as floating-point (real) numbers.所有其他情况下，两个参数都会被转换为浮点数再进行比较

mysql> SELECT CAST(' 1' AS SIGNED)=1; +-------------------------+ | CAST(' 1' AS SIGNED)=1 | +-------------------------+ | 1 | +-------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT CAST(' 1a' AS SIGNED)=1; +--------------------------+ | CAST(' 1a' AS SIGNED)=1 | +--------------------------+ | 1 | +--------------------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT CAST('1' AS SIGNED)=1; +-----------------------+ | CAST('1' AS SIGNED)=1 | +-----------------------+ | 1 | +-----------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select CAST( '30' as SIGNED) = 30; +----------------------------+ | CAST( '30' as SIGNED) = 30 | +----------------------------+ | 1 | +----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)