1、Set基本資料型別
a、set集合，是一個無序且不重複的元素集合
##
class set(object):
"""
set() -> new empty set object
set(iterable) -> new set object
Build an unordered collection of unique elements.
"""
def add(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Add an element to a set，添加元素
This has no effect if the element is already present.
"""
pass
def clear(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Remove all elements from this set. 清楚内容"""
pass
def copy(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return a shallow copy of a set. 浅拷贝 """
pass
def difference(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Return the difference of two or more sets as a new set. A中存在，B中不存在
(i.e. all elements that are in this set but not the others.)
"""
pass
def difference_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Remove all elements of another set from this set. 从当前集合中删除和B中相同的元素"""
pass
def discard(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Remove an element from a set if it is a member.
If the element is not a member, do nothing. 移除指定元素，不存在不保错
"""
pass
def intersection(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Return the intersection of two sets as a new set. 交集
(i.e. all elements that are in both sets.)
"""
pass
def intersection_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Update a set with the intersection of itself and another. 取交集并更更新到A中 """
pass
def isdisjoint(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return True if two sets have a null intersection. 如果没有交集，返回True，否则返回False"""
pass
def issubset(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Report whether another set contains this set. 是否是子序列"""
pass
def issuperset(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Report whether this set contains another set. 是否是父序列"""
pass
def pop(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Remove and return an arbitrary set element.
Raises KeyError if the set is empty. 移除元素
"""
pass
def remove(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Remove an element from a set; it must be a member.
If the element is not a member, raise a KeyError. 移除指定元素，不存在保错
"""
pass
def symmetric_difference(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Return the symmetric difference of two sets as a new set. 对称交集
(i.e. all elements that are in exactly one of the sets.)
"""
pass
def symmetric_difference_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Update a set with the symmetric difference of itself and another. 对称交集，并更新到a中 """
pass
def union(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Return the union of sets as a new set. 并集
(i.e. all elements that are in either set.)
"""
pass
def update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Update a set with the union of itself and others. 更新 """
passse = {11,22,33,44,55}
be = {44,55,66,77,88}
# se.add(66)
# print(se) #添加元素，不能直接打印！
#
#
#
# se.clear()
# print(se) #清除se集合里面所有的值，不能清除单个
#
#
#
# ce=be.difference(se) #se中存在，be中不存在的值，必须赋值给一个新的变量
# print(ce)
#
#
# se.difference_update(be)
# print(se) #在se中删除和be相同的值，不能赋值给一个新的变量，先输入转换，然后打印，也不能直接打印！
# se.discard(11)
# print(se) #移除指定元素，移除不存在的时候，不会报错
# se.remove(11)
# print(se) #移除指定的元素，移除不存在的会报错
# se.pop()
# print(se) #移除随机的元素
#
#
# ret=se.pop()
# print(ret) #移除元素，并且可以把移除的元素赋值给另一个变量
# ce = se.intersection(be)
# print(ce) #取出两个集合的交集（相同的元素）
# se.intersection_update(be)
# print(se) #取出两个集合的交集，并更新到se集合中
# ret = se.isdisjoint(be)
# print(ret) #判断两个集合之间又没有交集，如果有交集返回False，没有返回True
# ret=se.issubset(be)
# print(ret) #判断se是否是be集合的子序列，如果是返回True，不是返回Flase
# ret = se.issuperset(be)
# print(ret) #判断se是不是be集合的父序列，如果是返回True，不是返回Flase
# ret=se.symmetric_difference(be)
# print(ret) #对称交集，取出除了不相同的元素
# se.symmetric_difference_update(be)
# print(se) #对称交集，取出不相同的元素并更新到se集合中
# ret = se.union(be)
# print(ret) #并集，把两个元素集合并在一个新的变量中#2、深淺拷貝
對於數字和字串而言，賦值、淺拷貝和深拷貝無意義，因為其永遠指向同一個記憶體位址。
import copy # ######### 数字、字符串 ######### n1 = 123 # n1 = "i am alex age 10" print(id(n1)) # ## 赋值 ## n2 = n1 print(id(n2)) # ## 浅拷贝 ## n2 = copy.copy(n1) print(id(n2)) # ## 深拷贝 ## n3 = copy.deepcopy(n1) print(id(n3))
賦值，只是建立一個變量，該變數指向原來記憶體位址，如：
n1 = {"k1": "zhangyanlin", "k2": 123, "k3": ["Aylin", 456]}
n2 = n1登入後複製
##2、淺拷貝
import copy
n1 = {"k1": "zhangyanlin", "k2": 123, "k3": ["aylin", 456]}
n3 = copy.copy(n1)3、函數
函數式：將某功能程式碼封裝到函數中，日後便無需重複編寫，僅調用函數即可
物件導向：對函數進行分類和封裝，讓開發「更快更好更強....函數的定義主要有以下要點：
def：表示函數的關鍵字
函數名稱：函數的名稱，日後根據函數名稱呼叫函數
函數體：函數中進行一系列的邏輯計算，如：發送郵件、計算出[11,22,38,888, 2]中的最大數等...
參數：為函數體提供資料
傳回值：當函數執行完畢後，可以給呼叫者回傳資料。傳回值
函數是一個功能塊，該功能到底執行成功與否，需要透過傳回值來告知呼叫者。
##
def 发送短信():
发送短信的代码...
if 发送成功:
return True
else:
return False
while True:
# 每次执行发送短信函数，都会将返回值自动赋值给result
# 之后，可以根据result来写日志，或重发等操作
result = 发送短信()
if result == False:
短信发送失败...
普通參數
#定義函數
# name 叫做函數func的形式參數，簡稱：形參
print name
## 執行函數# 'zhangyanlin' 稱為函數func的實際參數，簡稱：實參func('zhangyanlin')
預設參數
def func(name, age = 18):
print "%s:%s" %(name,age)
# 指定參數
func('zhangyanlin', 19)
func('nick')
：預設參數需要放在參數清單最後
def func(*args): print args # 执行方式一 func(11,33,4,4454,5) # 执行方式二 li = [11,2,2,3,3,4,54] func(*li)
def func(**kwargs):
print args
# 执行方式一
func(name＝'wupeiqi',age=18)
# 执行方式二
li = {'name':'wupeiqi', age:18, 'gender':'male'}
func(**li)def func(*args, **kwargs): print args print kwargs
def email(p,j,k):
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr
set = True
try:
msg = MIMEText('j', 'plain', 'utf-8') #j 邮件内容
msg['From'] = formataddr(["武沛齐",'wptawy@126.com'])
msg['To'] = formataddr(["走人",'424662508@qq.com'])
msg['Subject'] = "k" #k主题
server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.126.com", 25)
server.login("wptawy@126.com", "WW.3945.59")
server.sendmail('wptawy@126.com', [p], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
except:
set = False
return True
formmail = input("请你输入收件人邮箱：")
zhuti = input("请您输入邮件主题：")
neirong = input("请您输入邮件内容：")
aa=email(formmail,neirong,zhuti)
if aa:
print("邮件发送成功!")
else:
print("邮件发送失败!")
