如何在IIS中配置應用程序池？

打开IIS管理器并进入应用池列表；2. 可选择创建新应用池或编辑现有应用池，创建时需指定名称、.NET版本和托管管道模式；3. 配置关键设置：启动模式设为AlwaysRunning、根据需要调整空闲超时、设置适当的身份标识、配置回收规则以提升性能；4. 将网站绑定到目标应用池；5. 可选使用appcmd命令行工具进行配置；6. 修改后需重启应用池，确保设置生效，并监控应用运行状态。正确配置应用池可显著提升Web应用的性能、安全与稳定性。

Configuring an application pool in IIS (Internet Information Services) is essential for managing the performance, security, and stability of your web applications. Here’s how to do it step by step using the IIS Manager on a Windows server.

Open IIS Manager and Access Application Pools

1. Press Windows R, type inetmgr, and press Enter to open Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
2. In the left-hand Connections panel, expand the server node and click on Application Pools.
3. You’ll see a list of existing application pools (like DefaultAppPool).

Create or Configure an Application Pool

You can either create a new one or modify an existing one.

To Create a New Application Pool:

1. Click Add Application Pool in the Actions panel (right side).
2. Enter a Name for the pool (e.g., MyAppPool).
3. Select the .NET Framework version (e.g., .NET CLR v4.0). Choose “No Managed Code” if it’s a PHP or static site.
4. Choose the Managed Pipeline Mode:
   • Integrated: Recommended for modern ASP.NET apps. Uses IIS and ASP.NET request-processing pipelines together.
   • Classic: Legacy mode, used for backward compatibility.
5. Click OK.

To Edit an Existing Application Pool:

1. Select the pool from the list.
2. Click Advanced Settings in the Actions panel.

Key Settings to Configure

Here are the most important settings you may want to adjust:

• Start Mode:

  • Set to AlwaysRunning if you want the app pool to start automatically when IIS starts (useful for reducing cold-start delays).
  • Default is OnDemand.

• Idle Time-out:

  
  • By default, IIS shuts down the worker process after 20 minutes of inactivity.
  • Set to 0 to disable idle shutdown (useful for apps needing constant availability).
  • Found under Process Model > Idle Time-out (minutes).

• Identity:

  • Determines the user account under which the app pool runs.
  • Default is ApplicationPoolIdentity, which is secure and recommended.
  • You can change it to LocalSystem, NetworkService, or a custom account under Process Model > Identity.

• Recycling Settings:

  • Go to Recycling in the Actions panel.
  • You can set the app pool to recycle:
    • After a specific time interval (e.g., every 1740 minutes, the default).
    • After a certain memory usage threshold.
    • At specific times of day.
  • Recycling helps prevent memory leaks and maintain performance.

• 32-Bit Applications:

  • If your app requires 32-bit components (e.g., older COM objects), set Enable 32-Bit Applications to True.

Assign a Website to the Application Pool

1. In IIS Manager, click on Sites and select your website.
2. Click Basic Settings in the Actions panel.
3. In the dialog, change the Application pool to the one you just created or configured.
4. Click OK and restart the site if needed.

Optional: Use Command Line (AppCmd)

You can also configure app pools using appcmd.exe (usually in C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv):

# Create a new app pool
appcmd add apppool /name:MyAppPool

# Set .NET version
appcmd set apppool /apppool.name:MyAppPool /managedRuntimeVersion:v4.0

# Set identity
appcmd set apppool /apppool.name:MyAppPool /processModel.identityType:LocalService

Final Notes

• Always recycle or restart the app pool after making changes to ensure they take effect.
• Monitor event logs and performance counters if apps behave unexpectedly after configuration changes.
• Avoid using high-privilege accounts unless absolutely necessary for security reasons.

Basically, just set the right .NET version, pipeline mode, identity, and recycling options based on your app’s needs. Most modern apps work fine with default settings once assigned to a properly configured pool.

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