HTML5與HTML4有何不同?
HTML5相较于HTML4有八大主要改进:1. 新增语义化标签如
HTML5 is a significant evolution from HTML4, bringing improvements in structure, functionality, and compatibility with modern web development needs. Here are the key differences:

1. New Semantic Elements
HTML5 introduces semantic tags that clearly describe their meaning to both the browser and the developer. These make the structure of a webpage more meaningful and accessible.
Examples:

-
<header></header>
– defines a header section -
<footer></footer>
– defines a footer section -
<nav></nav>
– defines navigation links -
<article></article>
– defines independent content (e.g., blog post) -
<section></section>
– defines a section in a document -
<aside></aside>
– defines content aside from the main content
In contrast, HTML4 relied heavily on generic <div> tags with class or ID attributes to define layout, which was less descriptive.<h3>2. <strong>Native Support for Audio and Video</strong>
</h3>
<p>HTML5 includes built-in support for multimedia without requiring third-party plugins like Flash.</p>
<img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175410162785235.jpeg" class="lazy" alt="How is HTML5 different from HTML4?"><ul>
<li>
<code><audio></audio>
– embeds sound content
<video></video>
– embeds video contentIn HTML4, embedding media required using <object></object>
or <embed></embed>
with external plugins, which was less reliable and not mobile-friendly.
3. Graphics and Drawing Capabilities
HTML5 introduced:
-
<canvas></canvas>
– allows dynamic, scriptable rendering of 2D shapes and bitmap images - SVG support – inline scalable vector graphics
HTML4 had no native support for drawing or graphics on the webpage.
4. Improved Form Controls and Input Types
HTML5 adds new input types for better user input handling and validation:
-
email
,url
,number
,range
,date
,color
,search
, etc.
It also supports new attributes like:
-
placeholder
,required
,autofocus
,autocomplete
These reduce the need for JavaScript validation and improve user experience on mobile and desktop.
5. APIs for Enhanced Functionality
HTML5 comes with a suite of JavaScript APIs that enable richer web applications:
- Local storage (
localStorage
andsessionStorage
) - Geolocation API
- Drag and drop
- Web Workers (background processing)
- Web Sockets (real-time communication)
HTML4 had limited or no support for these features, requiring external plugins or complex workarounds.
6. Simplified Doctype and Charset Declaration
HTML5 uses a much simpler and easier-to-remember syntax:
<!DOCTYPE html> <meta charset="UTF-8">
Compare this to HTML4:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
The HTML5 version is cleaner and less error-prone.
7. Better Error Handling and Browser Compatibility
HTML5 is designed to be more forgiving and consistent across browsers. Even if a browser doesn’t support a certain feature, it usually degrades gracefully. HTML4 was stricter and less flexible in how browsers interpreted malformed code.
8. Mobile and Device Support
HTML5 was developed with mobile devices in mind. Features like responsive design support, touch events, and offline capabilities make it ideal for mobile web apps—something HTML4 wasn’t built for.
In short, HTML5 isn’t just an update—it’s a complete overhaul that supports modern web applications, improves accessibility, and reduces reliance on external plugins. It’s more semantic, functional, and future-ready than HTML4.基本上就这些。
以上是HTML5與HTML4有何不同?的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章!

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