偵錯 Spring RestTemplate 請求和回應可能是一項令人困惑的任務。本文探討了克服這項挑戰的有效解決方案，提供了一種全面的方法來啟用完整的日誌記錄和偵錯功能。
與使用帶有「詳細」功能的curl相比選項，Spring RestTemplate 通常提供對請求和回應細節的有限洞察。這種可見性的缺乏阻礙了高效的調試和故障排除。
為了解決這個問題，Spring Web Client 和 RestTemplate 提供了 ClientHttpRequestInterceptor 介面。透過實作此接口，開發人員可以自訂 RestTemplate 實例的行為，包括追蹤傳出請求和傳入回應的能力。
要實作ClientHttpRequestInterceptor，請考慮以下內容範例：
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {
final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);
@Override
public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
traceRequest(request, body);
ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
traceResponse(response);
return response;
}
private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
log.info("===========================request begin================================================");
log.debug("URI : {}", request.getURI());
log.debug("Method : {}", request.getMethod());
log.debug("Headers : {}", request.getHeaders() );
log.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8"));
log.info("==========================request end================================================");
}
private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
while (line != null) {
inputStringBuilder.append(line);
inputStringBuilder.append('\n');
line = bufferedReader.readLine();
}
log.info("============================response begin==========================================");
log.debug("Status code : {}", response.getStatusCode());
log.debug("Status text : {}", response.getStatusText());
log.debug("Headers : {}", response.getHeaders());
log.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
log.info("=======================response end=================================================");
}
}利用攔截器，使用FactorBquestingClient實例化RestTemplate 並註冊LoggingRequestInterceptor，如下所示：
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory(new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory())); List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>(); interceptors.add(new LoggingRequestInterceptor()); restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptors);
BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory 是啟用回應正文的多次讀取所必需的。
透過實作ClientHttpRequestInterceptor，可以增強Spring的調試能力休息模板。本文提供的範例示範如何追蹤請求和回應，從而提供對通訊過程的全面見解。這種方法簡化了故障排除並提高了開發和維護任務的效率。
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